Table 3.
States and prevalence of co-infections of five microorganisms in natural population of I. persulcatus (n = 346)
| Infecting pathogen | Number of ticks positive | Number of ticks with single infection (%, 95% CI) |
Number of ticks with co-infections (%, 95% CI) | Co-infecting pathogens | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TBEV, n (%, 95% CI) | B.b.s.l., n (%, 95% CI) | B.m., n (%, 95% CI) | A.ph., n (%, 95% CI) | E.sp., n (%, 95% CI) | > 2, n (%, 95% CI)a | ||||
| TBEV | 6 | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 2 (50) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (50) | |
| B.b.s.l. | 171 | 116 (67.8, 60–75) | 55 (32.2, 25–40) | 2 (3.6, 0.6–14) | – | 6 (10.9, 4.5–23) | 17 (30.9, 20–45) | 20 (36.4, 24–50) | 10 (18.2, 10–31) |
| B.m. | 17 | 7 (41.2, 19–67) | 10 (58.8, 33.5–81) | 0 (0) | 6 (60) | – | 1 (10) | 3 (30) | 0 (0) |
| A.ph. | 47 | 14 (29.8, 18–45) | 33 (70.2, 55–82) | 0 (0) | 17 (51.5, 34–69) | 1 (3, 1.6–18) | – | 6 (18.2, 8–36) | 9 (27.3, 14–46) |
| E.sp. | 56 | 18 (32.1, 21–46) | 38 (67.9, 54–79) | 0 (0) | 20 (52.6, 36–69) | 3 (7.9, 2–23) | 6 (15.8, 6, 6–32) | - | 9 (23.7, 12–41) |
aA total of 10 triple infections were detected: TBEV + B.b.s.l. + A.ph. (1 tick); TBEV + B.b.s.l. + E.sp. (1 tick); B.b.s.l. + A.ph. + E.sp. (8 ticks)