Fig. 1.

Structure of SARS-CoV-2.

SARS-CoV-2 is a positive-sense single stranded RNA virus. T contains an RNA genome, four structural proteins namely spike (S), membrane (M), nucleocapsid (N) and envelope (E) proteins, and sixteen non-structural proteins. The S protein (crown like) consist of two subunits namely S1 and S2 subunits. The S1 subunit contains receptor binding domain which binds with host cells' ACE2 receptors and subsequently the S2 subunit catalyses the interaction (fusion) between the envelope of the virus and the cell membrane of the host, thus, gains entry into the host cells. Inside the cells, the RNA undergoes the process such as translation, replication and transcription into vital viral components. Finally, the virus is generated, packed and subsequently the viral particles are released [[3], [4], [5], [6]].