TABLE 1.
Participant characteristics overall and according to cancer type
| Total N = 293 | Non smoking-related cancera N = 117 | Lung or head and neck cancer N = 114 | Other smoking-related cancerb N = 62 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age - mean (SD) | 58.3 (9.5) | 55.8 (9.1) | 60.1 (9.5) | 59.2 (9.3) |
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| Age started smoking - mean (SD) | 16.7 (4.6) | 17.9 (5.8) | 15.7 (2.9) | 16.3 (4.1) |
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| Alcoholic drinks per week - mean (SD) | 3.8 (6.8) | 4.3 (6.7) | 4.1 (7.6) | 2.3 (5.2) |
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| Cigarettes per day - mean (SD) | 14.1 (9.9) | 12.7 (7.7) | 14.8 (11.6) | 15.5 (10.3) |
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| Quit self-efficacy - mean (SD) | 5.5 (2.3) | 5.4 (2.3) | 5.8 (2.4) | 4.9 (1.9) |
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| Perceived benefits of quitting - mean (SD) | 8.7 (1.8) | 8.2 (2.1) | 9.2 (1.3) | 8.5 (1.8) |
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| Motivation to quit - mean (SD) | 5.9 (1.8) | 5.7 (1.7) | 6.4 (1.7) | 5.3 (1.8) |
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| Smoking urges in past 24 h - mean (SD) | 2.6 (1.3) | 2.7 (1.3) | 2.4 (1.3) | 2.7 (1.3) |
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| Partner quitting support - mean (SD) | 2.1 (2.6) | 2.2 (2.7) | 1.8 (2.2) | 2.4 (2.9) |
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| Female - n(%) | 164 (56.0) | 84 (71.8) | 59 (51.8) | 21 (33.9) |
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| Race - n(%) | ||||
| White | 256 (87.4) | 95 (81.2) | 103 (90.4) | 58 (93.6) |
| Black or African-American | 30 (10.2) | 16 (13.7) | 10 (8.8) | 4 (6.5) |
| Other race or unknown | 7 (2.4) | 6 (5.1) | 1 (0.88) | 0 (0.0) |
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| Hispanic/Latino - n(%) | 11 (3.8) | 4 (3.5) | 5 (4.4) | 2 (3.3) |
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| Educational attainment - n(%) | ||||
| Less than high school | 20 (6.8) | 6 (5.1) | 9 (7.9) | 5 (8.1) |
| High school diploma/GED | 70 (23.9) | 20 (28.6) | 36 (31.6) | 14 (22.6) |
| Some college or vocational school | 121 (41.3) | 51 (43.6) | 44 (38.6) | 26 (41.9) |
| College graduate or greater | 82 (28.0) | 40 (34.2) | 25 (21.9) | 17 (27.4) |
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| Marital status - n(%) | ||||
| Never married | 38 (13.1) | 13 (11.1) | 13 (11.6) | 12 (19.4) |
| Married or living as married | 162 (55.7) | 59 (50.4) | 66 (58.9) | 37 (59.7) |
| Widowed, divorced or separated | 91 (31.3) | 45 (38.5) | 33 (29.5) | 13 (21.0) |
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| Stage - n(%) | ||||
| In-situ | 17 (6.2) | 10 (8.9) | 2 (1.9) | 5 (8.6) |
| I | 83 (30.1) | 36 (31.9) | 28 (26.7) | 19 (32.8) |
| II | 67 (24.3) | 34 (30.1) | 21 (20.0) | 12 (20.7) |
| III | 51(18.5) | 17 (15.0) | 26 (24.8) | 8 (13.8) |
| IV | 50 (18.1) | 8 (7.1) | 28 (26.7) | 14 (24.1) |
| Other | 8 (1.9) | 8 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
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| Comorbid smoking-related disease - n(%)c | 143 (48.8) | 44 (37.6) | 68 (59.7) | 31 (50.0) |
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| Cancer site - n(%) | ||||
| Lung | 84 (28.7) | 0 (0.0) | 84 (73.7) | 0 (0.0) |
| Head and neck | 30 (10.2) | 0 (0.0) | 30 (26.3) | 0 (0.0) |
| Esophageal | 7 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (11.3) |
| Bladder | 18 (6.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 18 (29.0) |
| Colorectal | 8 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (12.9) |
| Breast | 75 (25.6) | 75 (64.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Prostate | 23 (7.9) | 23 (19.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Other | 19 (6.5) | 19 (16.2) | 0 (0.0) | 25 (40.3) |
a
Non-Smoking-related cancers include prostate, testicular, penile, breast, lymphoma, melanoma, or non-cervical gynecological.
b
Smoking-related cancers include esophageal, bladder, kidney, liver, pancreatic, colorectal, anal, small intestinal, gastric, or cervical.
c
Comorbid smoking-related diseases include emphysema/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stroke, hypertension, and myocardial infarction.