. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 28.

Published in final edited form as: Psychooncology. 2021 Nov 19;31(5):753–760. doi: 10.1002/pon.5859

TABLE 3.

Association of internalized stigma with psychological distress, overall and according to smoking related cancer status

	Depression		Anxiety		Perceived stress
	Unadjusted B(SE)^a	Multivariable-adjusted^a B(SE)^a	Unadjusted B(SE)^a	Multivariable-adjusted^a B(SE)^a	Unadjusted B(SE)^a	Multivariable-adjusted^a B(SE)^a
Total sample	0.46 (0.09)^***	0.36 (0.09)^***	0.31 (0.09)^***	0.24 (0.09)^*	0.16 (0.04)^***	0.13 (0.04)^**

Non-smoking related cancers	0.42 (0.13)^**	0.36 (0.14)^*	0.23 (0.14)	0.19 (0.15)	0.19 (0.06)^*	0.11 (0.07)

Smoking related cancers	0.43 (0.12)^***	0.40 (0.13)^**	0.33 (0.12)^**	0.29 (0.13)^*	0.14 (0.05)^**	0.14 (0.05)^*

Estimates are adjusted for: age (in years), education (less than high school, high school diploma/GED, some college or vocational school, college graduate or greater), race (white, black or African-American, other race or missing), cancer site (lung, head and neck, other smoking-related cancer, breast, prostate, or other non-smoking related cancer), early stage diagnosis (yes or no), alcohol intake (number of alcoholic drinks per week), cigarette smoking (number cigarettes per day) perceived support score, types of support score, benefits of quitting score.

B - unstandardized beta coefficient; SE – standard error.

p < 0.05,

^**

p ≤ 0.01,

^***

p ≤ 0.001.