Table 2.
Characteristics of Target Vessels According to Classification by INOCA and CMD
| Variables |
Group 1 INOCA(−)/CMD(−) |
Group 2 INOCA(−)/CMD(+) |
Group 3 INOCA(+)/CMD(−) |
Group 4 INOCA(+)/CMD(+) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 116 (40.4%) | 90 (31.4%) | 41 (14.3%) | 40 (13.9%) | ||
| Angiographic characteristics | |||||
| Angiographic disease extent | <0.001 | ||||
| No angiographic disease | 48 (41.4) | 41 (45.6) | 29 (70.7) | 26 (65.0) | |
| 1‐vessel disease | 30 (25.9) | 14 (15.6) | 10 (24.4) | 7 (17.5) | |
| 2‐vessel disease | 36 (31.0) | 29 (32.2) | 1 (2.4) | 5 (12.5) | |
| 3‐vessel disease | 2 (1.7) | 6 (6.7) | 1 (2.4) | 2 (5.0) | |
| Interrogated target vessel | 0.069 | ||||
| LAD | 57 (49.1) | 38 (42.2) | 24 (58.5) | 22 (55.0) | |
| LCX | 43 (37.1) | 41 (45.6) | 7 (17.1) | 12 (30.0) | |
| RCA | 16 (13.8) | 11 (12.2) | 10 (24.4) | 6 (15.0) | |
| Quantitative coronary angiography | |||||
| Reference vessel size, mm | 2.9±0.6 | 2.8±0.7 | 3.5±0.8 | 2.7±0.7 | 0.052 |
| Diameter stenosis, % | 46.8±12.8 | 45.6±12.8 | 47.2±15.9 | 51.2±9.1 | 0.360 |
| Lesion length, mm | 8.7±4.1 | 11.6±6.1 | 4.9±5.8 | 6.3±2.9 | 0.195 |
| Invasive hemodynamics | |||||
| Resting Pa, mm Hg | 96.9±13.3 | 98.8±15.1 | 100.5±15.1 | 96.5±15.4 | 0.503 |
| Hyperemic Pa, mm Hg | 91.6±13.2 | 93.2±15.5 | 91.4±20.4 | 87.5±16.3 | 0.302 |
| Resting Pd, mm Hg | 94.4±13.3 | 95.5±15.3 | 96.9±14.9 | 93.4±15.8 | 0.710 |
| Hyperemic Pd, mm Hg | 83.7±12.8 | 84.8±14.4 | 83.8±13.3 | 79.4±15.6 | 0.240 |
| Resting APV, cm/sec | 14.5±4.3 | 19.5±6.8 | 13.7±3.4 | 17.1±5.7 | <0.001 |
| Hyperemic APV, cm/sec | 42.9±11.9 | 38.3±11.7 | 41.9±11.0 | 32.6±9.9 | <0.001 |
| Invasive physiologic indexes | |||||
| Resting Pd/Pa | 0.97±0.03 | 0.97±0.03 | 0.96±0.03 | 0.97±0.03 | 0.292 |
| Fractional flow reserve | 0.91±0.07 | 0.91±0.06 | 0.90±0.05 | 0.91±0.06 | 0.509 |
| Coronary flow reserve | 3.1±0.6 | 2.0±0.3 | 3.3±0.8 | 2.0±0.4 | <0.001 |
| BMR, mm Hg/cm per sec | 7.1±2.1 | 5.4±1.7 | 7.5±2.1 | 6.0±2.3 | <0.001 |
| HMR, mmHg/cm per sec | 2.1±0.6 | 2.4±0.8 | 2.1±0.6 | 2.6±0.8 | <0.001 |
Data are expressed as number (%) or mean±SD. APV indicates averaged peak velocity; BMR, baseline microvascular resistance; CMD, coronary microvascular disease; HMR, hyperemic microvascular resistance; INOCA, ischemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCX, left circumflex artery; Pa, aortic pressure; Pd, distal coronary pressure; and RCA, right coronary artery.