Table 1.
Characteristics of Childhood Cancer Survivors (CCSS) at High Cardiovascular Disease Risk and a Matched General Population Comparison Group (NHANES)
| Characteristic, n (%) |
CCSS N=571 |
NHANES N=345 |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female sex | 325 (56.9) | 187 (54.2) | 0.42 |
| Non‐Hispanic White race and ethnicity | 486 (85.1) | 288 (83.5) | 0.51 |
| Median current age, y (range) | 37.7 (20.1–65.0) | 38.0 (20.0–64.0) | 0.84 |
| Median age at cancer diagnosis, y (range) | 8.3 (0.01–20.8) | … | |
| Cancer diagnosis | |||
| Bone cancer/sarcoma | 86 (15.1) | … | |
| Central nervous system | 59 (10.3) | … | |
| Kidney | 55 (9.6) | … | |
| Leukemia | 196 (34.3) | … | |
| Lymphoma | 142 (24.9) | … | |
| Neuroblastoma | 33 (5.8) | … | |
| Anthracycline exposure | 441 (77.4) | … | |
| Chest radiation exposure | 245 (43.1) | … | |
| History of hypertension | 153 (26.8) | 73 (21.2) | 0.06 |
| Currently on medications | 103 (18.0) | 38 (11.0) | 0.004 |
| History of dyslipidemia | 191 (33.5) | 75 (21.7) | <0.001 |
| Currently on medications | 80 (14.0) | 17 (4.9) | <0.001 |
| History of diabetes | 52 (9.1) | 13 (3.8) | 0.002 |
| Currently on medications | 37 (6.5) | 11 (3.2) | 0.03 |
| Lifestyle factors | |||
| Physically active* | 390 (68.3) | 124 (35.9) | <0.001 |
| ≥5 cups daily fruits/vegetables | 120 (21.0) | … † | |
| Current smoking/tobacco use | 68 (12.5) | 104 (30.1) | <0.001 |
| Health care utilization | |||
| Health insurance coverage | 533 (93.3) | … | |
| Routine checkup within 1–2 years ‡ | 517 (90.5) | … | |
| History of survivorship clinic attendance | 262 (45.9) | … | |
CCSS indicates Childhood Cancer Survivor Study; and NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
*
Reporting ≥150 minutes of moderate activity/week or ≥75 minutes of vigorous activity/week, or equivalent mixture of both.
†
Not assessed by NHANES.
‡
Defined as having had a checkup by a physician, physician assistant, or nurse practitioner within 1–2 years.