Table 2.
Physiologic Measurements of Childhood Cancer Survivors (CCSS) at High Cardiovascular Disease Risk and the General Population (NHANES)
| Outcomes,* n (%) | CCSS vs NHANES overall | CCSS only | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
CCSS N=571 |
NHANES N=345 |
P value † |
No underdiagnosis or undertreatment N=323 ‡ |
Any underdiagnosis N=155 ‡ |
P value § |
Any undertreatment N=120 ‡ |
P value § | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.4 (6.4) | 29.2 (7.2) | 0.001 | 26.2 (6.0) | 28.8 (6.9) | <0.001 | 29.4 (6.4) | <0.001 |
| No. overweight 25–29 kg/m2 (%) | 178 (31.2) | 94 (27.3) | 0.001 | 91 (28.2) | 61 (39.4) | <0.001 | 36 (30.0) | <0.001 |
| No. obese ≥30 kg/m2 (%) | 160 (28.0) | 136 (39.4) | 72 (22.3) | 49 (31.6) | 50 (41.7) | |||
| Waist circumference, cm | 89.1 (15.6) | 99.1 (17.0) | <0.001 | 85.7 (14.8) | 93.1 (15.3) | <0.001 | 94.6 (15.4) | <0.001 |
| No. with central adiposity (%) ║ | 182 (31.9) | 190 (55.1) | <0.001 | 90 (27.9) | 56 (36.1) | 0.07 | 50 (41.7) | 0.006 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 113.5 (12.6) | 117.7 (13.7) | <0.001 | 109.7 (10.2) | 118.7 (11.9) | <0.001 | 118.9 (15.2) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 73.6 (8.9) | 70.0 (11.0) | 0.002 | 70.6 (7.0) | 79.4 (8.4) | <0.001 | 75.9 (10.3) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 187.6 (40.2) | 191.6 (42.0) | 0.11 | 177.5 (30.4) | 198.7 (46.7) | <0.001 | 211.0 (50.7) | <0.001 |
| High density lipoprotein, mg/dL | 52.3 (17.1) | 54.3 (16.7) | 0.04 | 56.9 (16.5) | 48.9 (18.1) | <0.001 | 42.3 (10.5) | <0.001 |
| Low density lipoprotein, mg/dL | 105.4 (33.0) | 114.3 (36.8) | <0.001 | 99.6 (25.7) | 112.2 (36.7) | <0.001 | 119.1 (46.0) | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 155.5 (126.8) | 111.2 (71.0) | <0.001 | 106.0 (50.7) | 201.0 (156.1) | <0.001 | 265.1 (174.7) | <0.001 |
| Blood glucose, mg/dL | 90.7 (29.4) | 103.2 (27.7) | <0.001 | 85.4 (16.7) | 91.7 (36.7) | 0.045 | 108.2 (45.1) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, % | 5.6 (0.9) | 5.4 (0.8) | 0.004 | 5.4 (0.4) | 5.6 (0.81) | 0.005 | 6.3 (1.50) | <0.001 |
| 30‐y hard CVD event risk, % ¶ | ||||||||
| Lipid model | 9.9 (10.3) | 11.7 (11.6) | 0.02 | 6.5 (6.5) | 10.9 (9.0) | <0.001 | 19.8 (14.5) | <0.001 |
| BMI model | 12.3 (12.8) | 14.5 (14.3) | 0.02 | 9.1 (10.0) | 12.4 (10.9) | 0.02 | 21.7 (16.8) | <0.001 |
BMI indicates body mass index; CCSS, Childhood Cancer Survivor Study; CVD, cardiovascular disease; and NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Mean value (standard deviation) unless otherwise noted.
Adjusted for sex, current age, and race and ethnicity, plus fasting duration (triglyceride and blood glucose only).
Numbers sum to >571 for CCSS, as some individuals had both at least 1 underdiagnosed condition and at least 1 undertreated condition (ie, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or diabetes/prediabetes); among NHANES, n=90 with underdiagnosis and n=48 with undertreatment.
Compared against those with no underdiagnosed or undertreated hypertension, dyslipidemia, or diabetes.
Men ≥102 cm or women ≥88 cm.
Pencina et al, Circulation 2009 32 ; values shown are the mean risks (SD).