FIG 6.

A model for PfARID function. PfARID regulates the stage V gametocyte chromatin landscape, likely as part of a chromatin remodeling complex. This in part controls expression of AP2-O, HMGB2, and zinc finger proteins (ZFPs), which in turn regulate heterochromatinized genes (VAR, RIFIN, PHIST), and ookinete/crystalloid-specific genes. ARID also controls expression of signaling molecules (kinases and phosphatase) which are known to regulate parasite functions. In addition, PfARID regulates expression of PDEδ, which in turn regulates cGMP levels and, thereby, gametogenesis. Collectively, these molecules regulate male gamete formation, female gamete fertility, and parasite infection of the mosquito vector.