FIG 3.

PAA induces global changes in protein expression. Heat map of proteins detected by mass spectrometry to be differentially expressed in Ab17978 whole cells treated with PAA, TMP/SMX (T/S), or TMP/SMX+PAA compared to the LB control. To prepare protein samples, Ab17978 was grown for 4 h under each of the 4 conditions before being pelleted, lysed, and acetone precipitated. TMP and SMX were used at 3 μg/mL and 15 μg/mL, respectively, and PAA was used at 0.5 mM. Paa proteins are highlighted in red, and Csu is highlighted in green. Other proteins were labeled in gray if they were (i) divergently regulated between TMP/SMX and TMP/SMX+PAA conditions and (ii) had putative annotated functions. Each colored block represents the mean of 4 biological replicates. Student t tests were used to compare groups, with a cutoff P value of <0.05.