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. 2022 May 19;13(3):e00951-22. doi: 10.1128/mbio.00951-22

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Copyright © 2022 Sur et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

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FIG 1 — Exosomes from COVID-19 patients induce inflammasome genes. HMEC-1 (A) and TMNK-1 (B) cells were exposed to exosomes isolated from healthy subjects (normal) and patients with mild COVID-19 symptoms or severe COVID-19 patients for 48 h. Total RNA was isolated, and the relative mRNA expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 (CASP1), and 1L-1β was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). 18S rRNA was used as an internal control. The results are presented as dot plots. The line indicates the mean value per group. Fold regulation is expressed as the 2^(−ΔΔ^CT⁾ method. (ns, not significant; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001).