A transcriptional pause at position 1,170 is required for RDT at position 1,183. (A) Nucleotide sequence of the pause sequence at position 1,170 and nucleotide changes (red) in the pausing mutants. Changes were made in the pausing mutants −1G−10A and −1A−10A, at position 1,142 from G to T to keep the E-hairpin stem intact. The consensus nucleotide residues of the pausing sequences are indicated in different colors: the −10, −1, and +1 residues are indicated in red, green, and blue, respectively. (B) 3′ RACE assay of galE mRNA in the pausing mutants.