FIG 3.

SARS-CoV-2-induced changes in primary airway cells. Primary human bronchial epithelial cells grown at an air-liquid interface were infected at 1 PFU/cell as detailed in Materials and Methods were analyzed for differential expression of host genes by RNA-seq (A and B) and ribo-seq (C and D). (A and C) Hierarchical clustering of DEGs after infection. Genes were filtered for an absolute log₂ fold change of >2 and an adjusted q value of <0.05 at any time point. (B and D) Hypergeometric enrichment analysis from Hallmark and Gene Ontology databases for each individual cluster in 3A and 3C. Color represents significance (q value); size indicates the percentage of the cluster represented in the pathway (see Tables S15 and S16).