Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies.
| Study | Nation | Study period | Study design | Patients number | Number of CR-POPF | Score of NOS | Risk factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pratt et al[13] (2008) | USA | 2001.10–2007.03 | Prospective | 233 | 31 | 8 | 4. 5 |
| Kawai et al[14] (2011) | Japan | 2005.07–2009.06 | Retrospective | 1239 | 178 | 8 | 1. 4 |
| Hiyoshi et al[15] (2013) | Japan | 2002.03–2010.10 | Retrospective | 176 | 30 | 8 | 1 |
| Malleo et al[16] (2013) | Italy | 2000.01–2011.12 | Prospective | 602 | 63 | 8 | 1. 3. 4. 6 |
| Kanda et al[17] (2014) | Japan | 2008.01–2013.03 | Retrospective | 246 | 57 | 7 | 4 |
| Chen et al[18] (2015) | China | 2008.01–2013.12 | Retrospective | 921 | 89 | 8 | 4. 7 |
| Fujiwara et al[19] (2015) | Japan | 2000.05–2013.05 | Retrospective | 247 | 43 | 8 | 1 |
| Nagai et al[20] (2015) | Japan | 2007–2013 | Retrospective | 254 | 44 | 9 | 4. 8. 9 |
| Nishida et al[21] (2016) | Japan | 2010.01–2014.12 | Retrospective | 266 | 43 | 8 | 2. 4. 5. 8 |
| Yamashita et al[22] (2016) | Japan | 2007.01–2012.12 | Retrospective | 174 | 18 | 8 | 1. 2. 6 |
| Kantor et al[23] (2017) | USA | 2011–2012 | Retrospective | 1731 | 270 | 8 | 1. 2 |
| Partelli et al[24] (2017) | Italy | 2013–2015 | Retrospective | 463 | 64 | 8 | 1. 7 |
| Xia et al[25] (2018) | China | 2009.01–2015.12 | Retrospective | 225 | 40 | 9 | 4 |
| Ke et al[26] (2018) | China | 2015.09–2017.08 | Retrospective | 170 | 44 | 9 | 4. 6 |
| Ellis et al[27] (2019) | USA | 2014–2017 | Retrospective | 10,022 | 1658 | 8 | 1. 3. 5. 9 |
| Kang et al[28] (2019) | Korea | 2007–2014 | Prospective | 1898 | 275 | 9 | 1. 4. 5. 6. 8 |
| Li et al[29] (2019) | China | 2011.01–2016.12 | Retrospective | 189 | 38 | 7 | 3. 4 |
| Zarzavadjian Le Bian et al[30] (2019) | France | 2004.02–2016.12 | Retrospective | 270 | 74 | 8 | 2. 7 |
| Abe et al[31] (2020) | Japan | 2006–2018 | Retrospective | 136 | 37 | 9 | 1 |
| Bardol et al[32] (2020) | France | 2009.01–2018.04 | Retrospective | 195 | 58 | 8 | 3. 4. 5. 8. 9 |
| Ohgi et al[33] (2020) | Japan | 2010.01–2014.12 | Retrospective | 346 | 116 | 8 | 2. 3. 4. 5. 8 |
| Tabchouri et al[34] (2020) | France | 2012–2017 | Retrospective | 448 | 103 | 8 | 1. 4. 5. 9 |
| Utsumi et al[35] (2020) | Japan | 2008.04–2018.09 | Retrospective | 108 | 32 | 7 | 5 |
| Williamsson et al[36] (2020) | Sweden | 2010.01–2018.06 | Retrospective | 2503 | 245 | 8 | 1. 6. 8 |
| Zou et al[37] (2020) | China | 2005.01–2016.12 | Retrospective | 707 | 75 | 7 | 2 |
| Huang et al[38] (2020) | China | 2010.01–2018.05 | Retrospective | 762 | 82 | 8 | 3. 4. 5 |
| Nakamura et al[39] (2020) | Japan | 2013.05–2018.05 | Retrospective | 209 | 36 | 8 | 3. 4. 5. 9 |
Remarks = 1: gender, 2: BMI (25 kg/m2), 3: pancreatic duct diameter (3 mm), 4: pancreatic texture, 5: pathology type, 6: diabetes mellitus, 7: Blood transfusion, 8: vascular resection, 9: preoperative chemoradiotherapy.
BMI = body mass index, CR-POPF = clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula, NOS = Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.