Table 2.
Efficacy, acceptability, and tolerability outcomes: pooled mitochondrial modulators versus placebo.
| Continuous variables | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | n | SMD (95% CI) | P-value | I2 | |
| Overall symptoms | 17 | 632* | −0.61 (−0.95, −0.26) | <0.01 | 75% |
| Anxiety symptoms | 9 | 411 | −0.20 (−0.39, −0.00) | 0.05 | 0% |
| Depression symptoms | 10 | 450 | 0.00 (−0.32, 0.32) | 0.99 | 63% |
| CGI-S scores | 7 | 364 | −0.20 (−0.64, 0.23) | 0.36 | 76% |
| SDS scores | 4 | 245 | −0.25 (−0.50, 0.00) | 0.05 | 0% |
| Dichotomous variables | |||||
| N | n | RR (95% CI) | p value | I2 | |
| Response to treatment | 13 | 457 | 1.38 (0.98, 1.95) | 0.07 | 7% |
| All-cause discontinuation | 11 | 490 | 0.76 (0.43, 1.33) | 0.33 | 27% |
* In two studies of inositol [39, 40], that is, one of eicosapentaenoic acid [41] and one of silymarin [42], a crossover design was used. For the two inositol studies, data from the first treatment phase could be used to analyze efficacy outcomes, although the data were from a complete analysis.
95% CI 95% confidence interval, CGI-S Clinical Global Impression Severity Scale, N number of studies, n number of patients, RR risk ratio, SDS Sheehan Disability Scale, SMD standardized mean difference.