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. 2022 Jun 28;13:3727. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31338-9

Fig. 3. Stretchable heater and RTD sensor developed from UCDEs.

Fig. 3

a The temperature evolution of the UCDE heater from 1 to 7 V DC bias voltage at 0% strain compared to commercially available hand warmers. Insets are the thermal profiles emitted from the UCDE heater, captured by an IR camera at corresponding voltages. b Characterization of the temperature output from the UCDE heater under deformation at 0, 10, and 20% strain. Insets are IR images of the UCDE heater under various strain deformations. c The stretchable UCDE heater is laminated on a palm and subjugated to commonplace hand deformations (rest, extension, and flexion). Insets are the thermal profiles emitted from the UCDE heater while laminated on the palm (scale bar, 2.5 cm). d The calibration curve of the UCDE RTD sensor, 4–probe resistance vs. temperature response of a thermocouple. e The temperature response of the UCDE RTD sensor compared with an IR camera.