Table 1.
Characteristics of the analytic samples from the longitudinal studies (self-reported COVID-19 cases with data on duration of symptoms).
| MCS | ALSPAC G1 | NS | BiB | USoc | BCS70 | TwinsUK | GS | ALSPAC G0 | NCDS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size | 1055 | 668 | 848 | 110 | 1033 | 889 | 806 | 335 | 446 | 709 |
| Age, mean years (SD) | 19.9 (0.3) | 28.4 (0.5) | 31.0 (0.3) | 40.7 (5.9) | 48.5 (14.8) | 51a | 52.7 (15.8) | 55.9 (10.6) | 58.3 (4.4) | 63a |
| Female sex, N (%) | 652 (61.8) | 426 (63.8) | 539 (64.6) | 106 (96.4) | 675 (65.3) | 507 (57.0) | 709 (88) | 215 (64.2) | 303 (67.9) | 389 (54.9) |
| Ethnicity, N (%) | ||||||||||
| White | 862 (81.7) | 638 (95.5) | 574 (67.7) | 49 (44.5) | 879 (85.1) | 747 (84.0) | 776 (96.3) | 330 (98.5) | 439 (98.4) | 652 (92.0) |
| Non-white minority ethnic group | 192 (18.2) | 30 (4.5) | 254 (30.0) | 56 (50.9) | 136 (13.2) | 27 (3.0) | 30 (3.7) | 5 (1.5) | 6 (1.3) | 19 (2.7) |
| Missing | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 20 (2.4) | 5 (4.6) | 18 (1.7) | 115 (12.9) | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 1 (0.2) | 35 (5.4) |
| Education, N (%) | ||||||||||
| Degree | 494 (46.8) | 338 (50.6) | 396 (49.7) | 11 (10) | 500 (48.4) | 377 (42.4) | 402 (49.9) | 163 (48.7) | 106 (23.8) | 284 (40.1) |
| No degree | 502 (47.6) | 149 (22.3) | 358 (42.2) | 82 (74.5) | 429 (41.5) | 444 (49.9) | 224 (27.8) | 165 (49.3) | 307 (68.8) | 415 (58.5) |
| Missing | 59 (5.6) | 181 (27.1) | 94 (11.1) | 17 (15.5) | 104 (10.1) | 68 (7.7) | 180 (22.3) | 7 (2.1) | 33 (7.4) | 10 (1.4) |
| Occupational class, N (%) | ||||||||||
| Managerial, Admin, Professional | – | 120 (18.0) | – | 26 (23.6) | 402 (38.9) | – | – | 177 (52.8) | 57 (12.8) | – |
| Intermediate | – | 280 (41.9) | – | 36 (32.7) | 171 (16.6) | – | – | 60 (17.9) | 130 (29.1) | – |
| Manual/Routine | – | 171 (25.6) | – | 21 (19.1) | 220 (21.3) | – | – | 37 (11.0) | 190 (42.6) | – |
| Not in employment | – | 2 (0.3) | – | – | 212 (20.5) | – | – | – | 5 (1.1) | – |
| Missing | – | 95 (14.2) | – | 27 (24.5) | 28 (2.7) | – | – | 61 (18.2) | 64 (14.3) | – |
| Country, N (%) | ||||||||||
| England | 746 (70.7) | 668 (100) | 828 (97.6) | 110 (100) | 866 (83.8) | 770 (86.6) | 747 (92.7) | 4 (1.2) | 446 (100) | 613 (86.5) |
| Scotland | 93 (8.8) | – | 5 (0.6) | – | 62 (6.0) | 57 (6.4) | 26 (3.2) | 331 (98.8) | – | 45 (6.4) |
| Wales | 136 (12.9) | – | 9 (1.1) | – | 69 (6.7) | 44 (5.0) | 24 (3.0) | – | – | 38 (5.4) |
| Northern Ireland | 75 (7.1) | – | 1 (0.1) | – | 36 (3.5) | 0 | 1 (0.1) | – | – | 2 (0.3) |
| Missing/Other | 5 (0.5) | – | 5 (0.6) | – | 0(0) | 18 (2.0) | 8 (1.0) | – | – | 11 (1.6) |
| Hospitalised with COVID-19, N (%) | 8 (0.8) | – | 23 (2.7) | – | 21 (2.0) | 40 (4.5) | 27 (3.3) | 3 (4.5) | – | 37 (5.2) |
Studies are ordered left to right from youngest to oldest mean age.
MCS Millennium Cohort Study, ALSPAC G1 Children of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, NS next steps, BiB born in Bradford, USoc understanding society, BCS 70 1970 British Cohort Study, TwinsUK UK Adult Twin Registry, GS Generation Scotland, ALSPAC G0 parents of ALSPAC, NCDS National Child Development Study.
aAge-homogeneous cohorts.