Table 1.
Basic information of MDA5+DM-ILD.
| Characteristics | Total (N = 63) | Not improved (n = 19) | Improved (n = 44) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 49.16 ± 12.16 | 56.95 ± 7.81 | 45.80 ± 12.22 | 0.000 |
| Sex, male/female | 26/37 | 10/9 | 16/28 | 0.229 |
| Ever smoker, n (%) | 10 (15.9) | 2 (10.5) | 8 (18.2) | 0.698 |
| CADM, n (%) | 22 (34.9) | 11 (57.9) | 11 (25.0) | 0.012 |
| Duration, m | 7.83 ± 14.53 | 2.87 ± 3.50 | 9.97 ± 16.85 | 0.010 |
| Interval of DM and ILD, m | 5.47 ± 13.63 | 1.16 ± 3.40 | 7.33 ± 15.85 | 0.017 |
| Length of stay, days | 15.11 ± 9.89 | 21.21 ± 15.29 | 12.48 ± 4.44 | 0.024 |
| Fever, n (%) | 34 (54.0) | 18 (94.7) | 16 (36.4) | 0.000 |
| Cough, n (%) | 39 (61.9) | 15 (78.9) | 24 (54.5) | 0.067 |
| Dyspnea, n (%) | 40 (63.5) | 18 (94.7) | 22 (50.0) | 0.001 |
| Arthralgia, n (%) | 46 (73.0) | 10 (52.6) | 36 (81.8) | 0.017 |
| Myalgia or myasthenia, n (%) | 49 (77.8) | 14 (73.7) | 35 (79.5) | 0.854 |
| Skin ulcer, n (%) | 23 (36.5) | 4 (21.1) | 19 (43.2) | 0.094 |
| Gottron sign, n (%) | 23 (36.5) | 7 (36.8) | 16 (36.4) | 0.971 |
| Helicotrop rash, n (%) | 43 (68.3) | 10 (52.6) | 33 (75.0) | 0.080 |
| Raynaud phenomenon, n (%) | 9 (14.3) | 2 (10.5) | 7 (15.9) | 0.867 |
| Pulmonary infection, n (%) | 35 (55.6) | 19 (100.0) | 16 (36.4) | 0.000 |
| Pleural effusion, n (%) | 23 (36.5) | 14 (73.7) | 9 (20.5) | 0.000 |
| Subcutaneous emphysema, n (%) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (5.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.302 |
| Mediastinal emphysema, n (%) | 20 (3.2) | 1 (5.3) | 1 (2.3) | 0.516 |
| Pleural thickness, n (%) | 17 (27.4) | 4 (21.1) | 13 (30.2) | 0.486 |
| Internal malignancy, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Glucocorticoid, n (%) | 63 (100.0) | 19 (100.0) | 44 (100.0) | |
| Glucocorticoid, mg | 159.02 ± 208.45 | 326.32 ± 284.65 | 86.77 ± 105.02 | 0.002 |
| Immunosuppressor, n (%) | 40 (63.5) | 11 (57.9) | 29 (65.9) | 0.544 |
| Antibiotic, n (%) | 48 (76.2) | 19 (100.0) | 29 (65.9) | 0.010 |
| Antiviral, n (%) | 17 (27.0) | 11 (57.9) | 6 (13.6) | 0.000 |
| Anti-fibrosis, n (%) | 21 (33.3) | 8 (42.1) | 13 (29.5) | 0.332 |
| NPPV, n (%) | 12 (19.0) | 12 (63.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.000 |
| Survival time, days | 298.89 ± 152.45 | 102.00 ± 95.27 | 400.00 ± 0.00 | 0.000 |
The dosage of glucocorticoid was changed to that of methylprednisolone. Immunosuppressors included ciclosporin, cyclophosphamide, tripterygium wilfordii glycosides, mycophenolate mofetil, thalidomide, leflunomide, tacrolimus, and methotrexate. Antifibrotic drugs referred to nintedanib and pirfenidone. CADM, clinically amyopathic variant of dermatomyositis; DM, dermatomyositis; ILD, interstitial lung disease; NPPV, non-invasive positive pressure ventilation.