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. 2022 Jun 15;10:904539. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.904539

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Copyright © 2022 Liebsch and Wilke.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Anterior rib cage removal. The relative neutral (NZS) and elastic zone stiffness (EZS) changes of the thoracic spine (T1-T12 and T1-T4/T4-T8/T8-T12) during flexion/extension (FE), lateral bending (LB), and axial rotation (AR) after anterior rib cage removal without follower load according to Mannen et al. (2015b) and with a follower load of 400 N according to Mannen et al. (2018).