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. 2022 Jun 15;13:912397. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.912397

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Copyright © 2022 Piksa, Noworyta, Piasecki, Gwiazdzinski, Gundersen, Kunst and Rygula.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic representation of the ambiguous interpretation test. Choosing the square following the rewarding tone gave 1 point; choosing the circle following the rewarding tone did not affect the score; choosing the square following the punishing tone took 1 point away; choosing the circle following the punishing tone allowed the respondent to avoid losing 1 point; choosing the square following the ambiguous tone indicated optimistic bias; and choosing the circle following the ambiguous tone indicated pessimistic bias.