Fig. 7.

FXR activation upregulates the expression of lipid and glutathione metabolism-related genes.

WT and FXR KO mice were fasted for 16 h and were subsequently administered GW4064 or vehicle (soybean oil) by oral gavage. After 6 h of GW4064 administration, the kidneys were collected. (A) Experimental outline. (B–D) RNA-sequencing analysis: (B) Volcano plots of RNA-seq data obtained using WT mice kidney tissues treated with vehicle or GW4064 (30 mg/kg). Blue, down-regulated genes; red, up-regulated genes. (C) Gene ontology (GO) analysis of genes either up- or down-regulated. (D) Heat maps showing changes in gene expression in WT mice treated with GW4064 compared to WT mice treated with vehicle. (E) The mRNA levels of the selected genes were measured by qRT-PCR (n = 6). The values for vehicle-treated group are set to 1. All values are presented as the mean ± SD. Statistical significance was measured using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc-test. **P < 0.005. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)