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Supplementation with IPA-altered gut microbiota composition in healthy mice. (A) Composition of alpha diversity was assessed by the Shannon, Simpson, Chao, and Ace indices in feces. (B) Gut microbiota beta diversity was showed by scatterplots of PCoA. Relative abundance of phylum-level gut microbial taxa (C) and differences in the relative abundance of samples at family levels (D) were showed. n = 5; *, P < 0.05; #, P > 0.05.
