FIG 5.

Codon positions under selective pressure among the three L1 sublineages. (a) L1A sublineage; (b) L1B sublineage; and (c) L1C/D sublineage. The upper rectangles indicate the signal peptide, ectodomain, transmembrane (TM) regions (TM1, TM2, and TM3), and endodomain, whereas the lower rectangles indicate the decoy epitope (DE), neutralizing epitope (NE), hypervariable regions (HVR-1 and HVR-2), two T cell epitopes and the 3rd B cell epitope (19–21, 63). The red lines indicate significant sites under positive selection. y axis represents the dN-dS values under the FUBAR method.