Table 1.
Study design and baseline characteristics of the included trials.
| Trial name | CAPRIE | ASCET | HOST EXAM | TICAB | GLOBAL LEADERS | CADET | DACAB | SOCRATES | CHANCE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study design | |||||||||
| Total patients | 19185 | 1001 | 5438 | 1859 | 15968 | 184 | 332 | 13199 | 5170a |
| Study design | Double blind | Double blind | Open label | Double blind | Open label | Double blind | Open label | Double blind | Double blind |
| Year of publication | 1996 | 2012 | 2021 | 2019 | 2018 | 2004 | 2018 | 2016 | 2013 |
| Qualifying event | Stroke, CAD, PAD | Stable CAD | CAD patients post-PCI | CAD patients post-CABG | CAD patients post-PCI | CAD | CAD patients post-CABG | Stroke or high-risk TIA | Stroke or high-risk TIA |
| Multicentre (Yes/No) | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Country | Multinational | Norway | South Korea | Multinational | Multinational | United Kingdom | China | Multinational | China |
| Treatment arm | Clopidogrel (75 mg once daily) | Clopidogrel (75 mg once daily) | Clopidogrel (75 mg once daily) | Ticagrelor (90 mg twice daily) | Ticagrelor (90 mg twice daily) | Clopidogrel (75 mg once daily) | Ticagrelor (90 mg twice daily) | Ticagrelor (90 mg twice daily) | Clopidogrel (75 mg once daily) |
| Comparison | Aspirin (325 mg once daily) | Aspirin (75 mg once daily) | Aspirin (100 mg once daily) | Aspirin (100 mg once daily) | Aspirin (75–100 mg once daily) | Aspirin (75 mg once daily) | Aspirin (100 mg once daily) | Aspirin (100 mg once daily) | Aspirin (75 mg once daily) |
| Duration of monotherapy | 36 months | 24 months | 24 months | 12 months | 12 monthsb | 6 months | 12 months | 3 months | 68 daysc |
| Duration of follow-up | 36 months | 24 months | 24 months | 12 months | 24 months | 6 months | 12 months | 3 months | 3 months |
| Baseline characteristics | |||||||||
| Mean age (SD) | 62.5 | 62.4 | 63.5 (10.7) | 66.7 | 64.5 (10.3) | 62.6 | 63.6 | 65.8 | 62 |
| Females | 28.1% | 21.8% | 25.5% | 15.1% | 23.3% | 19.1% | 17.2% | 41.6% | 33.8% |
| Hypertension | 51.5% | 55.4% | 61.4% | 89.9% | 73.6% | – | 72.8% | 73.7% | 65.7% |
| Diabetes mellitus | 20.0% | 19.9% | 34.2% | 35.9% | 25.3% | – | 42.7% | 24.3% | 21.1% |
| Dyslipidemia | 41.0% | – | 69.3% | 81.7% | 69.6% | – | 73.1% | 38.0% | 11.1% |
| Current or previous smoker | 78.5% | 20.4% | 20.7% | 55.3% | 26.1% | 74.5% | 48.5% | – | 43.0% |
| CKD | – | 12.7% | 7.0% | 13.7% | – | 0.9% | – | – | |
| Previous stroke/TIA | 40 | – | 4.7% | 8.9% | 2.6% | – | 10.5% | 100% | 23.3% |
| Prior MI | 44% | 43.7% | 16.0% | 22.7% | 23.3% | 100% | 31% | 4.1% | 1.9 |
| PAD | 38% | 5.4% | – | 9.1% | 6.4% | – | 16.9% | – | – |
| Prior PCI | – | 73% | – | 20.2% | 32.7% | – | – | – | – |
| Prior CABG | – | 18.5% | – | 0.8% | 5.9% | – | 24.7% | – | – |
| Baseline Medication use | |||||||||
| Statins | – | 98.3% | – | 83.6% | – | 78.8% | 94.0% | – | 42.0% |
| Beta-blockers | – | 75.8% | – | 66.8% | – | 81.0% | 89.8% | – | – |
| ACEi/ARB | – | 25.2% | – | 76.9% | – | 51.1% | 60.8% | – | – |
| PPI | – | 11% | – | 30.6% | – | – | 64.2% | – | 0.9% |
a
CHANCE—Total study population was 5170. The population included in our analysis is 4696, as per patient-level meta-analysis by Pan et al.
b
GLOBAL LEADERS—Monotherapy with aspirin or ticagrelor during months 13–24 of the study period.
c
CHANCE—Monotherapy with aspirin from day 1 to 90 and with clopidogrel from day 22 to 90.
ACEi = angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ARB = angiotensin receptor blockers, CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting, CKD = chronic kidney disease, MI = myocardial infarction, PAD = peripheral arterial disease, PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention, PPI = proton-pump inhibitors, SD = standard deviation, TIA = transient ischemic attack.