Table 1.
Baseline patients’ characteristics among those with SPPB score < 7 and ≥7
| SPPB <7 | SPPB ≥ 7 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 373) | (n = 819) | ||
| Age | 85 (80–89) | 79 (72–84) | <0.001 |
| Male | 154 (41.3) | 528 (64.5) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index | 21.3 (4.3) | 21.4 (3.5) | 0.57 |
| NYHA III or IV | 80 (21.4) | 80 (9.8) | <0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 165 (44.2) | 370 (45.2) | 0.81 |
| Coronary artery disease | 137 (36.7) | 281 (34.3) | 0.46 |
| COPD | 33 (8.8) | 95 (11.6) | 0.19 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 135 (36.2) | 290 (35.4) | 0.84 |
| Hypertension | 283 (75.9) | 566 (69.1) | 0.02 |
| Laboratory data | |||
| BNP (pg/mL) | 300 (153–621) | 261 (130–459) | 0.013 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 29 (21–41) | 25 (19–34) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.38 ± 0.71 | 1.38 ± 0.88 | 0.94 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 11.3 ± 1.8 | 12.1 ± 2.0 | <0.001 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.3 ± 0.5 | 3.5 ± 0.5 | <0.001 |
| Na (mEq/L) | 139.2 ± 4.0 | 139.0 ± 3.6 | 0.34 |
| K (mEq/L) | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 4.4 ± 0.5 | <0.001 |
| Medication | |||
| Beta-blocker | 257 (68.9) | 629 (76.8) | 0.005 |
| ACEI or ARB | 229 (61.4) | 586 (71.6) | 0.001 |
| MRA | 25 (6.7) | 75 (9.2) | 0.192 |
| Loop diuretics | 342 (92) | 703 (86) | 0.004 |
| Digoxin | 6 (1.6) | 28 (3.4) | 0.08 |
| Warfarin | 85 (23) | 194 (24) | 0.73 |
| DOAC | 108 (29) | 286 (35) | 0.04 |
ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DOAC, direct oral anticoagulant; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; NYHA, New York Heart Association functional class; SPPB, short physical performance battery.