Table 1. Patient characteristics by telemedicine utilization.
| Any telemedicine encounter a | No telemedicine encounter a | |
|---|---|---|
| Number of unique patients | 432,634 | 1,566,900 |
| Number of encounters (Mean, SD) | 4.1 (SD = 4.2) | 2.2 (SD = 2.2) |
| Age [years, Mean (SD)] | 53.0 (17.7) | 52.2 (18.3) |
| Female | 270,849 (62.6) | 893,166 (57.0) |
| Male | 161,785(37.4) | 673,734 (43.0) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| Hispanic (any race) b | 80,893 (29.1) | 182,548 (18.5) |
| Non-Hispanic Black b | 38,618 (13.9) | 135,607 (13.7) |
| Non-Hispanic other race b | 46,022 (16.6) | 141,504 (14.3) |
| Non-Hispanic White b | 112,003 (40.4) | 528,787 (53.5) |
| Missing race/ethnicity data | 155,098 (35.8) | 578,454 (36.9) |
| Primary language | ||
| Primarily English speaking b | 218,766 (75.7) | 898,071 (84.4) |
| Primarily non-English speaking b | 70,230 (24.3) | 166,548 (15.6) |
| Missing language data | 143,638 (33.2) | 502,281 (32.1) |
| Number of comorbidities (Mean, SD) c | 1.5 (1.5) | 0.9 (1.2) |
| Patient residence by US Census Regions | ||
| Northeast | 12,527 (2.9) | 143,491 (9.2) |
| Midwest | 68,254 (15.8) | 150,182 (9.6) |
| South | 207,829 (48.0) | 876,915 (56.0) |
| West | 144,024 (33.3) | 396,312 (25.3) |
Results are presented as number of patients and percentage of patients in group (telemedicine or non-telemedicine), unless otherwise indicated. All differences between the two groups are statistically significant at p<0.001.
a. Any telemedicine encounter includes patients with at least one telemedicine outpatient medical encounter from March 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 and no telemedicine encounter indicates no telemedicine outpatient encounters during this period.
b. Proportion of patients with data available. Proportions of patients in each race/ethnicity and language sub-group after multiple imputation are listed in Table 3 in S1 Appendix.
c. Proportion of patients in each group with individual medical comorbidities listed in Table 4 in S1 Appendix.