Table 3.

Participant characteristics and real-time risk factors for momentary tobacco marketing exposure (i = 5,285 surveys, n = 146)

	ORa	95% CI	P-value	AORa,b	95% CI	P-value
Baseline covariates
Biological sex			0.3047			0.3251
Male	Reference			Reference
Female	0.7	0.3–1.5		0.7	0.3–1.4
Age			0.4050			0.9588
18–20	1.3	0.7–2.7		1.1	0.6–2.3
21–24	Reference			Reference
Race/ethnicity			0.0296			0.1873
Non-Hispanic White	Reference			Reference
Non-Hispanic Black	2.1	1.0–4.4		1.8	0.9–3.7
Hispanic	3.6	1.5–8.6		2.1	0.9–5.2
Non-Hispanic other	1.4	0.6–3.2		1.2	0.5–2.7
Highest completed education level			0.5644			0.7895
High school degree or less	1.6	0.6–3.8		3.5	1.0–12.0
Some college or in college	1.6	0.8–3.1		1.9	0.7–5.2
College degree and higher	Reference			Reference
Ever tobacco use			0.6560			0.2997
Never used	Reference			Reference
Ever used	1.2	0.6–2.2		1.4	0.7–2.5
Vulnerable community residence			0.0007			0.0138
No	Reference			Reference
Yes	3.5	1.7–7.2		2.6	1.2–5.4
EMA time-varying covariates
Saw anyone using tobacco products			0.0001			<0.0001
No	Reference			Reference
Yes	6.3	3.9–10.2		4.0	2.4–6.7
Current location and activity			0.0001			<0.0001
Home	Reference			Reference
Work/school/chores	1.1	0.5–2.2		1.1	0.5–2.2
Party/club/other social places	2.0	0.7–6.2		1.6	0.5–4.9
Bar/restaurant	2.9	1.2–7.1		2.6	1.0–6.5
Outside/in transit	5.5	3.0–10.3		4.1	2.1–7.8
Store/other retail	25.2	9.8–64.9		17.0	6.4–44.8
Online/social mediac	2.4	1.1–5.1		2.0	0.9–4.4
Other location	6.0	1.9–18.9		5.4	1.7–17.1

^a Bolded p-values are statistically significant p < 0.05.

^b The intraclass correlation for the null models was 0.28.

^c Respondents reported being online or using social media at the time of the prompt regardless of their physical location.