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. 2021 Sep 18;56(6):536–550. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaab062

Table 4.

Summary of multilevel models predicting daily physical symptoms (N = 3,421)

Model 1: Main effect of SM status or sexual orientationa Model 2: Interaction between SM status or sexual orientation and daily stress exposurea Model 3: Interaction between SM status or sexual orientation and daily stress exposure with all covariatesb
SM (n = 98) vs. heterosexual (n = 3,323)
Fixed effects
 Intercept 0.91 (0.05)*** 0.92 (0.05)*** 1.25 (0.17)***
 Any stressors (0 = no, 1 = yes) 0.19 (0.02)*** 0.19 (0.02)*** 0.16 (0.02)***
 SM status (0 = heterosexual, 1 = SM) −0.03 (0.15) −0.07 (0.16) −0.04 (0.14)
 Any stressors*SM status 0.10 (0.12) 0.18 (0.11)
Variance components
 Between-person (level 2) variance (Intercept) 1.87 (0.05)*** 1.87 (0.05)*** 1.27 (0.04)***
 Within-person across days (level-1) variance (Intercept) 1.27 (0.01)*** 1.27 (0.01)*** 1.24 (0.01)***
 Any stressors 0.29 (0.03)*** 0.29 (0.03)*** 0.22 (0.03)***
Model fit
 AIC 84871.3 84872.5 78024.1
 BIC 84926.5 84933.9 78139.4
Lesbian/gay (n = 58) and bisexual (n = 40) vs. heterosexual (n = 3,323)
Fixed effects
 Intercept 0.91 (0.05)*** 0.91 (0.05)*** 1.25 (0.17)***
 Any stressors (0 = no, 1 = yes) 0.19 (0.02)*** 0.19 (0.02)*** 0.16 (0.02)***
Sexual orientation
 Lesbian/gay vs. heterosexual −0.08 (0.19) −0.09 (0.19) −0.01 (0.18)
 Bisexual vs. heterosexual 0.14 (0.23) 0.05 (0.24) −0.08 (0.21)
Interactions
 Any stressors* lesbian/gay 0.05 (0.14) 0.10 (0.14)
 Any stressors*bisexual 0.26 (0.18) 0.30 (0.18)
Variance components
 Between-person (level 2) variance (Intercept) 1.87 (0.05)*** 1.87 (0.05)*** 1.27 (0.04)***
 Within-person across days (level-1) variance (Intercept) 1.27 (0.01)*** 1.27 (0.01)*** 1.24 (0.01)***
 Any stressors 0.29 (0.03)*** 0.29 (0.03)*** 0.22 (0.03)***
Model fit
 AIC 84872.8 84874.5 78027.3
 BIC 84934.2 84948.2 78154.8
SM females (n = 49) vs. heterosexual females (n = 1,726)
Fixed effects
 Intercept 0.95 (0.07)*** 0.95 (0.07)*** 1.14 (0.24)***
 Any stressors (0 = no, 1 = yes) 0.16 (0.03)*** 0.16 (0.03)*** 0.16 (0.03)***
 SM status (0 = heterosexual, 1 = SM) −0.06 (0.21) −0.14 (0.22) −0.06 (0.20)
 Any stressors*SM status 0.21 (0.16) 0.22 (0.16)
Variance components
 Between-person (level 2) variance (Intercept) 1.81 (0.07)*** 1.81 (0.07)*** 1.39 (0.06)***
 Within-person across days (level-1) variance (Intercept) 1.39 (0.02)*** 1.39 (0.02)*** 1.40 (0.02)***
 Any stressors 0.19 (0.04)*** 0.19 (0.04)*** 0.19 (0.04)***
Model fit
 AIC 45059.4 45059.8 44227.9
 BIC 45108.8 45114.6 44320.9
SM males (n = 49) vs. heterosexual males (n = 1,428)
Fixed effects
 Intercept 0.88 (0.07)*** 0.88 (0.07)*** 1.66 (0.24)***
 Any stressors (0 = no, 1 = yes) 0.17 (0.03)*** 0.16 (0.03)*** 0.16 (0.03)***
 SM status (0 = heterosexual, 1 = SM) 0.18 (0.19) 0.15 (0.20) 0.06 (0.19)
 Any stressors*SM status 0.06 (0.15) 0.14 (0.15)
Variance components
 Between-person (level 2) variance (Intercept) 1.48 (0.06)*** 1.48 (0.06)*** 1.10 (0.04)***
 Within-person across days (level-1) variance (Intercept) 1.06 (0.02)*** 1.06 (0.02)*** 1.06 (0.02)***
 Any stressors 0.29 (0.04)*** 0.29 (0.04)*** 0.25 (0.04)***
Model fit
 AIC 34775.0 34776.9 33599.8
 BIC 34822.7 34829.8 33694.7

Note. SM = sexual minority.

a Covariates: duration in the study (day 1 = 1, day 2 = 2, …, day 8 = 8), day of week (Monday = 1, Tuesday = 2, …, Sunday = 7), between-person stress exposure;

b Covariates: duration in the study (day 1 = 1, day 2 = 2, …, day 8 = 8), day of week (Monday = 1, Tuesday = 2, …, Sunday = 7), between-person stress exposure, age (in years), sex (0 = male, 1 = female), race (0 = non-White, 1 = White), Education (0 = high school or less, 1 = some college or more), marital status (0 = other, 1 = married), subjective physical health (0 = poor/ fair, 1 = good/very good/excellent), neuroticism trait (score), and wave of study (MIDUS-R is the reference).

p < .10, *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.