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. 2022 Jun 16;13:887876. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.887876

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

Bismuth synchronously mitigates cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity and enhances glutathione metabolism in HK-2 cells. (A) Dose-response curve of cisplatin-induced toxicity in HK-2 cells. The cells were treated with different concentrations of cisplatin for 24 h, and the LD50 is determined to be 11.63 µM by Logistic fit. (B) CBS pretreatment mitigates cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in HK-2 cells. The cells were pretreated with 500 μM CBS for different periods of time before being treated with 20 μM cisplatin for 24 h. (C) Bright-field imaging of HK-2 cells under control, cisplatin treatment (20 μM for 24 h), and CBS pretreatment (500 μM for 48 h) plus cisplatin treatment (20 μM for 24 h). (D) Bismuth increased the GSH level in HK-2 cells. The cells were treated with 500 μM CBS for 12, 24, and 48 h. (E) Bismuth increases GST and GR activities in HK-2 cells. The cells were treated with 500 μM CBS for different periods of time. Bismuth enhances GSH-mediated vesicular sequestration of cisplatin.