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. 2022 Jun 16;9:934828. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.934828

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Copyright © 2022 Li, Liu, Xu and Cui.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Cre/LoxP system for lineage tracing: Transgenic animals with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene preceded by a floxed terminator, and a recombinase gene added in front of a gene specifically expressed in the target cell of interest were used. When the cell type begins to show its differentiated characteristics, the recombinase is simultaneously expressed, followed by the expression of GFP. (B) Cellular origins of MM and cSCC: IFE stem cells and HFSCs could develop in to cSCC. MCSCs located at the base of hair follicles could develop in to melanoma by external stimulation. Other cells, such ad IFE progenitors, do not become cancerous.