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. 2022 Jun 29;37(16):4144–4152. doi: 10.1007/s11606-022-07701-3

Table 2.

Selected Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Positive US Veterans by Mortality Status (N = 26,508)

Characteristic Mortality status
Dead
n (%)
Median [IQR]		 Alive
n (%)
Median [IQR]		 P¥
N (%) 1,612 (6) 24,896 (94) ---

Age (y)

≤30

31–40

41–50

51–60

61–70

71–80

81–90

>90

 76 [16] 59 [26] <.0001

    0 (0)

    3 (<1)

  25 (2)

  80 (5)

328 (20)

569 (35)

401 (25)

206 (13)

1,598 (6)

3,581 (14)

3,408 (14)

4,974 (20)

5,402 (22)

4,395 (18)

1,207 (5)

   331 (1)

 <.0001
Male^ 1,575 (98) 22,084 (89) <.0001
Race .055

White

Black

Asian

American Indian or Alaska Native

Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander

Multiracial

1,009 (63)

  547 (34)

    15 (1)

    16 (1)

    13 (1)

    12 (1)

14,647 (59)

  9,268 (37)

     274 (1)

     202 (1)

     254 (1)

     251 (1)
Latinx^ 154 (10) 4,299 (17) <.0001

BMI (kg/m2)

Underweight (<18.5)

Normal (18.5–24.9)

Overweight (25–29.9)

Class-I obese (30–34.9)

Class-II obese (35–39.9)

Class-III obese (40–44.9)

Super obese (≥45)

 27 [9] 30 [8] <.0001

  73 (5)

489 (30)

490 (30)

304 (19)

159 (10)

  55 (3)

  42 (3)

   287 (1)

3,969 (16)

8,175 (33)

7,174 (29)

3,370 (14)

1,305 (5)

   616 (2)

 <.0001
Alcohol use disorder^ 163 (10) 3,346 (13) <.0001
Smoker§ <.0001

Never

Former

Current

644 (40)

858 (53)

110 (7)

12,454 (50)

9,586 (39)

2,856 (11)
Hospitalization^ 1,113 (69) 6,732 (27) <.0001

Length of stay (days)

≤7~

>7–14

>14

 9 [9] 6 [10] <.0001

946 (59)

388 (24)

278 (17)

22,081 (89)

  1,313 (5)

  1,502 (6)

 <.0001
Mechanical ventilation^ 598 (37) 584 (2) <.0001
Location (USA) <.0001

Pacific-West/Mountain

Mid-West/Continental

South-East

North-East

231 (14)

251 (16)

592 (37)

538 (33)

  4,875 (20)

  5,112 (21)

10,739 (43)

  4,170 (17)
Time (Index, 3/1–9/10) <.0001

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

253 (16)

445 (28)

190 (12)

205 (13)

315 (20)

192 (12)

12 (<1)

1,848 (7)

3,106 (12)

1,910 (8)

4,504 (18)

9,367 (38)

3,945 (16)

   216 (<1)
Charlson Comorbidity Index <.0001

0

1–2

3–4

5+

407 (25)

572 (35)

391 (24)

242 (15)

13,925 (56)

  7,844 (32)

  2,140 (9)

     987 (4)
Comorbidity^

Asthma

Atherosclerosis

Cancer

Chronic kidney disease

Chronic liver disease

Congestive heart failure

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Diabetes (type II)

Hyperlipidemia

Hypertension

Mental illness

Sleep disorder

Substance abuse

    74 (5)

  872 (54)

  391 (24)

  612 (38)

    68 (4)

  452 (28)

  472 (29)

  813 (50)

1,047 (65)

1,242 (77)

  709 (44)

  416 (26)

  307 (19)

  1,641 (7)

  5,828 (23)

  2,806 (11)

  3,423 (14)

    520 (2)

  2,519 (10)

  3,210 (13)

  7,840 (31)

12,861 (52)

13,452 (54)

12,226 (49)

  6,836 (27)

  5,344 (21)

.0016

<.0001

<.0001

<.0001

<.0001

<.0001

<.0001

<.0001

<.0001

<.0001

<.0001

.15

.022

^Referent is the complement group. ~Includes non-hospitalized participants with zero length of stay. §Cigarettes. ¥Chi-square test for independence (categorical), Deuchler–Wilcoxon test (continuous). BMI body mass index, d days, COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019, IQR interquartile range, kg kilograms, LOS length of stay, m meters, SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, USA United States of America, y years