Table 5.
Linear regression analyses for the associations between maternal energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) scores, high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations and birth outcomes
| Weight-for-length z-score | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M1 | M2 | M3 | |||||||
| β | 95% CI | P | β | 95% CI | P | β | 95% CI | P | |
| E-DII scores (n = 478) | |||||||||
| E-DII category | |||||||||
| Negative E-DII Group | Ref | Ref | |||||||
| Positive E-DII Group | − 0.05 | − 0.29; 0.19 | 0.66 | − 0.04 | − 0.27; 0.20 | 0.75 | |||
| E-DII scores and hs-CRP at visit 1 (n = 263) | |||||||||
| E-DII category | |||||||||
| Negative E-DII Group | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Positive E-DII Group | − 0.12 | − 0.44; 0.21 | 0.48 | − 0.13 | − 0.45; 0.20 | 0.44 | − 0.06 | − 0.38; 0.26 | 0.72 |
| hs-CRP at visit 1 | − 0.05 | − 0.10; − 0.00 | 0.04 | − 0.06 | − 0.11; − 0.01 | 0.02 | |||
| E-DII scores and hs-CRP at visit 4 (n = 270) | |||||||||
| E-DII category | |||||||||
| Negative E-DII Group | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Positive E-DII Group | − 0.14 | − 0.44; 0.17 | 0.382 | − 0.14 | − 0.44; 0.17 | 0.38 | − 0.05 | − 0.35; 0.25 | 0.74 |
| hs-CRP at visit 4 | − 0.01 | − 0.06; 0.03 | 0.57 | − 0.02 | − 0.07; 0.03 | 0.34 | |||
Model 1(M1): E-DII category adjusted for newborn sex; Model 2 (M2): M1 with hs-CRP concentration; and Model 3 (M3): M2 adjusted for maternal body mass index (kg/m2) at recruitment, gestational weight gain (kg/week), HIV status, parity and smoking status; significant results are presented in bold (P < 0.05)