Table 6.
Multivariable logistic regression model for in-hospital mortality in patients ≥ 80 years of age hospitalized with COVID-19
| Model Aa | Model Bb | Model Cc | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Wave | ||||||
| First | Ref | Ref | - | Ref | ||
| Successive | 0.61 (0.53–0.70) | < 0.001 | 0.58 (0.50–0.68) | < 0.001 | 0.67 (0.57–0.79) | < 0.001 |
| Age group | ||||||
| 80–84 years | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| 85–90 years | 1.25 (1.09–1.43) | 0.001 | 1.26 (1.10–1.44) | 0.001 | 1.31 (1.25–1.54) | 0.001 |
| 90–94 years | 1.27 (1.08–1.50) | 0.004 | 1.30 (1.10–1.53) | 0.001 | 1.38 (1.13–1.67) | 0.001 |
| ≥ 95 years | 1.41 (1.11–1.87) | 0.003 | 1.47 (1.14–1.90) | 0.003 | 1.56 (1.17–2.09) | 0.003 |
| Sex, male | 1.44 (1.28–1.63) | < 0.001 | 1.41 (1.25–1.59) | < 0.001 | 1.33 (1.16–1.53) | < 0.001 |
| Acquisition | ||||||
| Community | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | |
| Nosocomial | 1.52 (1.21–1.90) | < 0.001 | 1.54 (1.23–1.94) | < 0.001 | 1.46 (1.11–1.92) | < 0.001 |
| Nursing Home | 0.71 (0.61–0.84) | < 0.001 | 0.71 (0.61–0.84) | < 0.001 | 0.72 (0.61–0.88) | < 0.001 |
| Degree of dependence | ||||||
| Independent or mild | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | |
| Moderate | 1.40 (1.21–1.64) | < 0.001 | 1.42 (1.21–1.63) | < 0.001 | 1.5 (1–29-1.81) | < 0.001 |
| Severe | 1.63 (1.37–1.94) | < 0.001 | 1.67 (1.40–2.00) | < 0.001 | 2.05 (1.67–2.53) | < 0.001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| CCI | 1.07 (1.04–1.10) | < 0.001 | 1.07 (1.04–1.10) | < 0.001 | 1.07 (1.03–1.11) | < 0.001 |
| Physical examination | ||||||
| Oxygen saturation < 94% | 2.15 (1.91–2.41) | < 0.001 | 2.09 (1.87–2.35) | < 0.001 | 1.58 (1.38–1.81) | < 0.001 |
| qSOFA score ≥ 2 | 2.79 (2.38–3.27) | < 0.001 | 2.09 (1.86–2.25) | < 0.001 | 2.31 1.92–2.78) | < 0.001 |
| Treatment | ||||||
| Steroid | - | - | 1.29 (1.13–1.45) | < 0.001 | 1.29 (1.12–1.50) | < 0.001 |
| Tocilizumab | 1.35 (1.00–1.84) | 0.049 | 1.23 (0.89–1.71) | 0.68 | ||
| Remdesivir | 0.52 (0.34–0.79) | 0.002 | 0.51 (0.32–7.98) | 0.509 | ||
| Laboratory findings | ||||||
| Lymphocytes (× 103/μL) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | < 0.001 | ||||
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | < 0.001 | ||||
CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, OR Odds ratio, CI Interval confidence, qSOFA quick sequential organ failure assessment; Ref Reference
aModel A. Adjusted for age group, sex, place of acquisition, degree of dependence, baseline Charlson Comorbidity Index, oxygen saturation, and qSOFA score
bModel B. Adjusted for age group; sex; place of acquisition; degree of dependence; baseline Charlson Comorbidity Index; oxygen saturation; qSOFA score; and treatment with steroids, tocilizumab, and remdesivir
cModel C. Adjusted for age group; sex; place of acquisition; degree of dependence; baseline Charlson Comorbidity Index; oxygen saturation; qSOFA score; treatment with steroids, tocilizumab, and remdesivir; and laboratory findings of lymphocytes, lactate dehydrogenase, and C-reactive protein