REAGENT or RESOURCE	SOURCE	IDENTIFIER
Antibodies
Rabbit polyclonal anti-PDE5A	Abcam	Cat#ab224232
Mouse monoclonal anti-alpha-SMA	Dako	Cat#M085129-2
Mouse monoclonal anti-HSC-70	Santa Cruz Biotechnology	Cat#sc-7298
Rabbit polyclonal anti-PDE5A	Santa Cruz Biotechnology	Cat#sc-32884
Rabbit polyclonal anti-Periostin	Abcam	Cat#ab14041
AlexaFluor568 donkey anti-mouse IgG	Invitrogen	Cat#A10037
AlexaFluor488 goat anti-rabbit IgG	Invitrogen	Cat#A11034
EnVision + HRP reagents, anti-mouse	Dako	Cat#K4001
EnVision + HRP reagents, anti-rabbit	Dako	Cat#K4003
Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins
Vardenafil	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#V-902
Recombinant TGF-β1	R&D Systems	Cat#240-B
DAPI	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#D9542
Epirubicin	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#E9406
Cisplatin	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#232120
5-Fluorouracil	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#F6627
Capecitabine	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#SML0653
Tadalafil	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#SML1877
INTERFERin	Polyplus	Cat#409-10
Matrigel	Corning	Cat#356234
pLVX-fLuc	In-House	N/A
Critical commercial assays
Nextera XT DNA Library Prep Kit	Illumina	Cat#FC-131-1024
NextSeq500/550 High Output Kit (75 Cycles)	Illumina	Cat#20024906
Venor GeM Classic Kit	Minerva Biolabs	Cat#11-1250
alamarBlue® cell fluorescence assay kit	ThermoFisher Scientific	Cat#DAL1025
Deposited data
Gene expression microarray	Krause et al.31	GEO: GSE72874
Gene expression microarray	Wang et al.30	GEO: GSE26886
Gene expression microarray and clinical data	Peters et al.34	GEO: GSE19417
TCGA RNA-Seq	Kim et al.32	https://www.cancer.gov/tcga
GTEx	Ardlie et al.33	https://www.gtexportal.org/
Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Data	This Paper	ProteomeXchange: PXD031148
3D-TGA Bulk RNA-Seq	This Paper	GEO: GSE194277
Experimental models: Cell lines
FLO-1	ECACC	Cat#11012001
OE33	ECACC	Cat#96070808
MFD-1	Previously generated in our lab: Garcia et al.36	N/A
human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC)	ScienCell Research Laboratories	Cat#7500
Experimental models: Organisms/strains
Mouse: CD-1 nude: Crl:CD1-Foxn1nu	Charles River UK	N/A
Oligonucleotides
PDE5 siRNA 1: 5′-CCAGUGCUCAAGACUCUUGtt-3′, 3′-ctGGUCACGAGUUCUGAGAAC -5′	Ambion	Cat#137131
PDE5 siRNA 2: 5′-GCAAGCUAUUUUAGCUACAtt-3′, 3′-ttCGUUCGAUAAAAUCGAUGU-5′	Ambion	Cat#137133
Negative control siRNA #1	Ambion	Cat#4457287
Software and algorithms
R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform	Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam	http://r2.amc.nl/
UCSC Xena	Goldman et al.35	https://xenabrowser.net/
GeneAnnot	Weizmann Institute of Science	https://genecards.weizmann.ac.il/geneannot/index.shtml
ClustVis	Metsalu and Vilo60	https://biit.cs.ut.ee/clustvis/
DAVID	Huang et al.61	https://david.ncifcrf.gov/summary.jsp
drop-seq-tools v1.1.2	Macosko et al.43	https://github.com/broadinstitute/Drop-seq/releases
R v3.5.1 “Feather Spray”	Comprehensive R Project Network	https://cran.r-project.org/
R v4.1.0 “Camp Pontanezen”	Comprehensive R Project Network	https://cran.r-project.org/
Seurat v2.3.4	Satija et al.62	http://satijalab.org/seurat/
GraphPad Prism 5	GraphPad Software	N/A
GraphPad Prism 9	GraphPad Software	N/A
QuPath v0.2.0	Bankhead et al.63	https://qupath.github.io/
SPSS v19	SPSS	N/A