The effect of AKH on the expression of proteins related to the AMPK and Akt/mTOR/p70S6K singling pathways in Panc-28 and A549 cells by western blot analysis. (A) Bands of Akt, pAkt, AMPK, pAMPK, mTOR, pmTOR, 70S6K p70S6K and Actin in Panc-28 cells. (B) Bands of Akt, pAkt, AMPK, pAMPK, mTOR, pmTOR, 70S6K p70S6K and Actin in A549 cells. Actin was used as a loading control. (C) Relative protein expression of pAkt/Akt, pAMPK/AMPK, pmTOR/mTOR and p70S6K/70S6K in Panc-28 cells. (D) Relative protein expression of pAkt/Akt, pAMPK/AMPK, pmTOR/mTOR and p-p70S6K/p70S6K in A549 cells. The cells were treated with the vehicle control or AKH at 150, 200, and 250 µg/ml for 48 h. The data are representative of three independent experiments (n=3) run in triplicate and are expressed as the mean ± SD. **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 vs. vehicle control (determined using one-way ANOVA). AKH, Alpinia katsumadai Hayata; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase.