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. 2022 Apr 26;16(6):8630–8640. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10728

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© 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society

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Biocatalytic electrode performance of pyrolyzed cellulose nanofiber paper (CNP) for an enzymatic glucose biofuel cell. (a) Schematic illustration and (b) optical image of an enzymatic glucose biofuel cell using flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (FAD-GDH) immobilized on the pyrolyzed CNP anode in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution of d-glucose. (c) Power density as a function of current density for the CNPs pyrolyzed at 800 and 1100 °C and the graphite sheet. (d) Retention ratio of the FAD-GDH adsorbed on the CNP pyrolyzed at 1100 °C and graphite sheet after stirring in water for 2 h. (e) Lighting of a red LED using the energy generated by two membrane-less biofuel cells by employing the CNP pyrolyzed at 1100 °C as both the anode and cathode.