Table 1.
Clinical variables of patients with chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis with and without disease progression
| All patients |
Progressors |
Non-progressors |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | (N=37) | (n=10) | (n=27) | P value |
|
| ||||
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years | 62±10 | 64±10 | 61±10 | 0.4897 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 17 (45) | 8 (80) | 12 (44) | 0.0425 |
| Former smoker, n (%) | 23 (62) | 6 (60) | 17 (63) | 0.8724 |
| Exposure, n (%) | 0.0814 | |||
| Known inciting antigen | 16 (43) | 2 (20) | 14 (52) | |
| Avian | 7 (44) | 0 | 7 (50) | |
| Mould/bacteria | 9 (56) | 2 (100) | 7 (50) | |
| Lung function testing | ||||
| FVC %-predicted at presentation | 75±15 | 62±12 | 76±11 | 0.0031 |
| 12-Month change | −4.6±7 | −7.6±5 | −0.6±8 | 0.015 |
| 24-Month change | −8.7±12 | −14.3±8.2 | −1.9±10 | 0.0041 |
| DLCO %-predicted at presentation | 57±19 | 54±24 | 58±18 | 0.5246 |
| 12-Month change | −3.1±11 | −12.8±9 | 0.4±10 | 0.0124 |
| 24-Month change | −6.3±13 | −19.3±14 | −0.1±10 | 0.0485 |
| HRCT features of fibrosis, n (%) | ||||
| Reticulation | 25 (67) | 10 (100) | 15 (55) | 0.0085 |
| Honeycombing | 12 (32) | 8 (80) | 4 (15) | 0.0002 |
| Fibrosis score | 28±19 | 37±25 | 25±15 | 0.2189 |
| 24-Month change | 3.9±5.4 | 11±5 | 0.2±4 | 0.0457 |
| Disease severity at presentation, n (%)* | 0.0062 | |||
| Mild (FVC≥80%, CT without fibrosis) | 12 (32) | 0 | 12 (44) | |
| Moderate (FVC 70%–79%, CT fibrosis) | 15 (40) | 4 (40) | 11 (41) | |
| Severe (FVC≤69%, CT fibrosis) | 10 (27) | 6 (60) | 4 (15) | |
| Absolute FVC and/or DLCO decline ≥10% and CT progression† | ||||
| Within 24 months, n (%) | 10 (27) | 10 (100) | 0 | 0.0000 |
| Within 12 months, n (%) | 4 (11) | 4 (40) | 0 | |
| Immunomodulary treatment at presentation, n (%)‡ | 13 (35) | 3 (30) | 7 (26) | 0.6859 |
| 5-Year mortality, n (%) | 3 (8) | 3 (30) | 0 | 0.0000 |
| ILD-GAP index, n (%) | 0.0978 | |||
| 0–1 | 27 (73) | 6 (60) | 21 (78) | |
| 2–3 | 9 (24) | 4 (40) | 5 (18) | |
| 4–5 | 1 (0.03) | 1 (10) | 0 | |
Data are presented as mean with SD or number (%) for categorical variables. Wilcoxon or χ2 tests were utilised for univariate analysis depending on the type of data. JMP V.13 was used for statistical analysis. Values of p≤0.01 indicate statistically significant differences between groups. The variable contains no missing values.
Values of p≤0.01 indicate statistically significant differences between groups.
The variable contains no missing values.
Three patients without CT fibrosis were exceptions based on FVC (mild FVC=75%, moderate FVC=68%, severe FVC=49%).
Chest CT progression ≥10% increase in reticulation and/or honeycombing.
Prednisone, azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil.
DLCO, diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide; ILD-GAP, interstitial lung disease-gender, age, physiology.