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. 2022 Jun 30;13:3781. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31237-z

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — A A representative SBF-SEM volume is presented together with dataset size and resolution in each axis (left panel). A C. albicans hypha in the process of invasion is visualized in three-dimensions (white, middle panel). Three invaded host cells are colour coded according to the sequence of invasion, cell 1 (magenta), cell 2 (green), cell 3 (yellow). The direction of filament extension is noted (arrow, right panel). B The organization of host membranes around the hypha is presented for each invaded cell with three cross-section views (Cell 1- a, b, c; Cell 2- d, e, f; Cell 3- g, h, i). The direction of filament extension is noted (arrow). The borders between cells are annotated according to the colours in (A) and the hypha (Ca) and the host nucleus (Nuc) are noted in (a). An inset from the middle cross-section in each cell is presented with arrowheads pointing to host membranes surrounding the hypha. The hypha in cell 1 is tightly enveloped by a thin membrane which in turn is surrounded by an ‘exclusion layer’ (EL) devoid of cellular structures (a, b, c, inset (b)). In cell 2, a thicker membrane enveloping a narrow lumen and the hypha is observed (d, e, f, inset (e)). In cell 3, two membranes surrounding a narrow lumen and the hypha are observed in (g, h, inset (h)). An ‘inflation’ containing multiple vesicles is observed in (i). C A cross-section through the hypha long-axis is presented, showing the continuous membrane structures across three cells (a, b). The ‘exclusion layer’ and membranes surrounding the hypha are visualized according to the invaded cell sequence (c, d). D A sequence of four sequential sections showing direct contact between the ‘inflation’ lumen and host glycogen granules (a–d). Glycogen granules are noted in (a). A visualization presented in the same orientation as in (C) shows the contact between the host glycogen store (blue) and the ‘inflation’ in cell 3 (e). A 90-degree rotated view is presented in (f). Scale bars are 5 µm in B, 1 µm in B inset and 2 µm in D.