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. 2022 Jun 30;12:11018. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15070-4

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Calling activities of middle-aged age (45–55 year old) cohorts between peers and non-peers and having interactions with their opposite genders. The aggregated calling activities of middle-aged cohorts between their peers (having age differences of less than 10 years) has been shown in (a) and (b) along with non-peers (having age differences of 20 to 40 years) in (c) and (d). The plots on the left exhibit those relationships that form a close bond and the plots on the right exhibit decay of close bonds. The orange/violet coloured panels on right of each of the plots represent female/male egocentric network. The filled triangles/circles represent outgoing/incoming calls and orange/violet colour of the points represent calls initiated by females/males in their respective networks. We find that middle-aged individuals calling their peers have slightly higher male-initiated calls than females in both forming and decaying relationships. Their calling activity with non-peers show a consistent behaviour with the adult cohorts’ interaction with non-peers in Fig. 4c where they are receiving slightly higher number of calls from the younger opposite gender individuals. However, we find that when relationship decays the males are making higher number of calls to the younger females.