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. 2022 Jun 30;12:11030. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15235-1

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) of the protein-coding genes in chloroplast genomes of eight Reichardia and two Launaea species. The codon usages of amino acids are plotted along the x-axis, while the stacked RSCU values in each bar column are plotted along the y-axis respectively. Each amino acid contains ten clustered bar columns representing ten species; 1st column through 10th column for R. albanica, R. crystallina, R. famarae, R. ligulata, R. gaditana, R. tingitana, R. intermedia, R. picroides, L. arborescens, and L. nudicaulis.