TABLE 2.

Associations between CHF and one-year postoperative mortality of surgical patients in the crude analysis, multivariable analysis, and four propensity-score methods analyses.

Cox proportional-hazards regression model	Adjusted variables	No.	HR	95%CI	P-value
Crude		69,032	5.65	4.92, 6.48	<0.001
Multivariable-adjusted model	Multivariable†	69,032	1.39	1.20, 1.61	<0.001
Propensity score adjustment	Propensity score + Multivariable†	69,032	1.34	1.15, 1.56	<0.001
Propensity score matching	Multivariable†	2,630	1.54	1.20, 1.98	<0.001
IPTW	Multivariable†	69,032	1.24	1.17, 1.32	<0.001
SMR–weighted	Multivariate†	69,032	1.34	1.10, 1.62	0.004

HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; IPTW, inverse-probability-of-treatment weighted; SMR, standardised mortality ratio.

Multivariable†: Adjusted for gender, age, race, history of previous cerebrovascular accidents, history of ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus on insulin, priority of surgery, surgical risk classification, American society of anaesthesiologists physical status, stage of CKD, degree of anaemia, type of Anesthesia.