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. 2022 Jun 17;9:906511. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.906511

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Copyright © 2022 Yao, Yang, Li, Wang, Guo, Wang, Li, Xie, Li and Cui.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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How nutrients affect MAFLD through intestinal microenvironment and microbiota. (A) Intestinal microbial-intestinal-liver axis; (B) Macro level evidence on the effect of nutrients on MAFLD; (C) The mechanisms by which nutrients affect MAFLD through the intestinal microenvironment and microflora. FFA, free fatty acids; Fiaf, fasting-induced adipocyte factor; LPL, lipoprotein lipase; MAFLD, fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction; SCFA, short-chain fatty acid; FXR, farnesol X receptor; TGR5, Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5; BAs, bile acids; FGF 19, fibroblast growth factor 19.