TABLE 1.
The composition and content of volatile compounds in cut lily during the postharvest process by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC–MS) methodology.
| Group (No.) | Volatile compounda | The content of volatile compound (μg kg–1)b |
MS match index (%) | Molecular formula | CAS | ||||
| 0 day | 2 days | 4 days | 6 days | 8 days | |||||
| Aldehyde | |||||||||
| 1 | (E)-2-hexenal | 1119.96 ± 82.87a | 698.39 ± 29.62b | 845.09 ± 80.35b | 201.35 ± 29.72c | 186.34 ± 19.08c | 85.59 | C6H10O | 6728-26-3 |
| 2 | Hexanal | 341.41 ± 8.46a | 151.57 ± 11.90b | 215.65 ± 12.59b | 103.32 ± 8.02d | 122.54 ± 1.11cd | 89.00 | C6H12O | 66-25-1 |
| 3 | (E)-non-2-enal | 220.24 ± 32.0a | 145.40 ± 17.12b | 72.16 ± 2.9c | 94.76 ± 19.18bc | – | 91.05 | C9H16O | 18829-56-6 |
| 4 | (Z)-tetradec-9-enal | 159.19 ± 5.56a | – | 10.70 ± 0.51b | – | 18.01 ± 0.48b | 87.26 | C14H26O | 53939-27-8 |
| 5 | (E)-2-Octenal | 145.96 ± 24.50a | 37.57 ± 4.91b | 42.03 ± 1.25b | 45.12 ± 1.25b | 53.12 ± 14.85b | 88.74 | C8H14O | 2548-87-0 |
| 6 | (E)-2,4-Heptadienal | 120.13 ± 13.91a | 16.10 ± 0.85b | 14.38 ± 1.92b | – | – | 85.70 | C7H10O | 4313-03-5 |
| 7 | (Z)-9-Hexadecenal | 92.63 ± 5.31b | 497.07 ± 0.36a | 469.67 ± 14.20a | 91.69 ± 13.73b | 102.12 ± 14.46b | 91.61 | C16H30O | 56219-04-6 |
| 8 | Benzeneacetaldehyde | 68.05 ± 10.33a | 41.73 ± 6.01b | 41.32 ± 4.11b | 58.72 ± 5.60ab | 58.29 ± 10.57ab | 83.28 | C8H8O | 122-78-1 |
| 9 | Non-anal | 63.91 ± 9.45a | 76.87 ± 8.52a | 76.81 ± 8.52a | 64.11 ± 4.93a | 70.57 ± 3.57a | 94.29 | C7H6O | 124-19-6 |
| 10 | Vanillin | 31.70a | – | – | – | – | 85.41 | C11H20O | 121-33-5 |
| Alcohols | |||||||||
| 11 | Linalool | 861.36 ± 50.86b | 892.61 ± 53.05b | 1184.63 ± 17.24a | 317.89 ± 58.93c | 204.75 ± 58.93c | 93.1 | C10H18O | 78-70-6 |
| 12 | Alpha-Terpineol | 254.57 ± 35.33c | 379.16 ± 9.24b | 555.53 ± 69.67a | 227.73 ± 27.82c | 202.48 ± 49.87c | 83.38 | C10H18O | 10482-56-1 |
| 13 | (E)-hex-3-en-1-ol | 91.32 ± 1.83a | 51.14 ± 0.75b | 47.75 ± 4.75b | – | – | 85.99 | C6H12O | 928-97-2 |
| 14 | Geraniol | 90.8 ± 15.38c | 129.96 ± 1.9ab | 164.02 ± 5.51a | 122.78 ± 3.63bc | 113.35 ± 20.32bc | 83.72 | C10H18O | 106-24-1 |
| 15 | Eucalyptol | 87.11 ± 4.53b | 188.69 ± 2.84a | 179.97 ± 2.84a | 9.54 ± 0.55c | – | 90.61 | C10H18O | 470-82-6 |
| 16 | (E)-2-hexen-1-ol | 81.53a | – | – | – | – | 80.62 | C10H18O | 928-95-0 |
| 17 | Farnesol | 40.31a | – | – | – | – | 85.94 | C6H12O | 4602-84-0 |
| 18 | Terpinen-4-ol | 27.16 ± 0.14c | 107.57 ± 4.48a | 101.75 ± 8.76a | 29.28 ± 8.04c | 64.54 ± 5.88a | 85.27 | C15H26O | 562-74-3 |
| 19 | Geranyl Geraniol | 8.16 ± 0.46a | – | 60.97 ± 1.47b | 20.26 ± 1.8c | 12.82 ± 0.21d | 87.57 | C20H34O | 24034-73-9 |
| 20 | Nerol | – | 135.42 ± 2.82b | 189.88 ± 1.86a | 43.62 ± 4.08c | 26.63 ± 2.88b | 87.6 | C10H18O | 106-25-2 |
| 21 | 5-Indanol | – | 119.33a | – | – | – | 87.75 | C9H10O | 1470-94-6 |
| 22 | P-menth-1-en-8-ol | – | 17.05a | – | – | – | 81.76 | C10H18O | 98-55-5 |
| 23 | Benzyl alcohol | – | – | – | 70.86 ± b | 103.41 ± c | 92.29 | C7H8O | 100-51-6 |
| 24 | 5-Indanol | – | – | 82.43a | – | – | 86.22 | C9H10O | 1470-94-6 |
| Esters | |||||||||
| 25 | 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid phenylmethyl ester | 278.52 ± 34.11b | 392.30 ± 35.03a | 680.24 ± 112.58a | 181.76 ± 13.7bc | 59.03 ± 10.87c | 90.77 | C14H12O3 | 118-58-1 |
| 26 | Methyl salicylate | 222.29a | – | – | – | – | 87.52 | C8H8O3 | 119-36-8 |
| 27 | Ethyl 9-oxononanoate | 133.19 ± 3.63a | 101.47 ± 3.66ab | 76.50 ± 2.04b | 72.73 ± 1.23c | 34.55 ± 8.17c | 92.3 | C11H20O3 | 3433-16-7 |
| 28 | Benzyl benzoate | 118.92 ± 3.52c | 563.54 ± 35.03b | 909.55 ± 82.67a | 78.74 ± 5.34c | 58.69 ± 4.19c | 95.36 | C14H12O2 | 120-51-4 |
| 29 | Ethyl Palmitate | 38.68 ± 3.24e | 204.55 ± 5.26b | 224.47 ± 7.61a | 119.8 ± 1.38c | 88.54 ± 2.18d | 89.49 | C18H36O2 | 628-97-7 |
| 30 | Ethyl benzoate | – | 61.32 ± 3.67a | 17.42 ± 2.26b | – | – | 92.01 | C9H10O2 | 93-89-0 |
| 31 | Benzoic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester | – | 119.01 ± 3.61b | 173.78 ± 6.88a | 11.68 ± 0.74c | – | 96.59 | C15H14O2 | 94-47-3 |
| 32 | Ethyl myristate | – | 101.09 ± 4.53a | 69.71 ± 2.45b | 70.15 ± 9.90b | 56.81 ± 1.58b | 80.52 | C16H32O2 | 124-06-1 |
| 33 | Ethyl laurate | – | 43.25 ± 1.08a | 23.19 ± 2.54b | 16.54 ± 2.52b | 11.88 ± 0.92b | 87.91 | C14H28O2 | 106-33-2 |
| 34 | Methyl palmitoleate | – | – | 38.04a | – | – | 80.51 | C17H32O2 | 1120-25-8 |
| 35 | Ethyl Oleate | – | – | 28.92 ± 0.39 | 13.65 ± 0.26 | 23.29 ± 2.09 | 80.79 | C20H38O2 | 111-62-6 |
| 36 | Isopropyl myristate | – | 8.74 ± 0.46a | 22.65 ± 6.46a | 10.98 ± 1.66a | – | 81.52 | C17H34O2 | 110-27-0 |
| 37 | Benzyl oleate | – | 22.81 ± 2.18b | 82.23 ± 4.81a | 11.71 ± 1.84b | – | 87.06 | C25H40O2 | 55130-16-0 |
| Phenolic | |||||||||
| 38 | P-Cresol | 317.3 ± 9.79b | 280.65 ± 5.065b | 438.53 ± 26.94a | 62.05 ± 1.64c | 24.24 ± 2.06c | 96.72 | C7H8O | 106-44-5 |
| 39 | 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxytoluene | 309.25 ± 4.02c | 417.48 ± 7.38b | 594.88 ± 8.14a | 101.04 ± 2.07d | 45.29 ± 0.84e | 96.35 | C8H10O2 | 1195-09-1 |
| 40 | Methyleugenol | 95.46 ± 2.86a | 20.44 ± 0.73b | – | – | 865.43 | C11H14O2 | 93-15-2 | |
| 41 | 2-methoxy-5-(prop-2-en-1-yl)phenol | 89.40 ± 3.42b | 144.88 ± 6.67a | 138.04 ± 2.70a | – | – | 89.93 | C10H12O2 | 501-19-9 |
| 42 | Eugenol | – | 137.08 ± 4.52a | 186.04 ± 3.12b | 41.20 ± 3.4a | – | 90.89 | C10H12O2 | 97-53-0 |
| 43 | p-allylphenol | – | – | 43.22a | – | – | 88.79 | C9H10O | 501-92-8 |
| Hydrocarbons | |||||||||
| 44 | Pentalene, octahydro-2,5-dimethyl- | 45.46 ± 1.82a | – | 24.65 ± 0.11b | – | – | 86.88 | C10H18 | 28588-55-8 |
| 45 | Pentadecane | 29.03 ± 0.33b | – | – | – | 52.66 ± 8.44a | 83.7 | C15H32 | 629-62-9 |
| 46 | 1H-Indene, 5-butyl-6-hexyloctahydro- | 16.09 ± 2.49a | 16.42 ± 3.82a | 22.24 ± 0.11a | – | – | 81.77 | C19H36 | 55044-36-5 |
| 47 | D-Limonene | 15.30 ± 0.06bc | 14.35 ± 2.01bc | 12.08 ± 2.01c | 34.46 ± 2.70b | 39.46 ± 2.70a | 87.45 | C10H16 | 5989-27-5 |
| 48 | 2,6,10-trimethyltetradecane | – | 49.16 ± 6.83a | 40.44 ± 1.83a | 14.55 ± 0.252b | 20.38 ± 1.21b | 87.85 | C17H36 | 14905-56-7 |
| Ketone | |||||||||
| 49 | Geranyl Acetane | 66.89 ± 13.97b | 422.38 ± 30.01a | 498.22 ± 21.77a | 445.75 ± 22.02a | 447.31 ± 23.58a | 86.89 | C13H22O | 3796-70-1 |
| 50 | 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one | 242.34 ± 20.97b | 249.18 ± 18.60b | 656.85 ± 32.02a | 127.35 ± 15.95c | 84.02 | C8H14O | 110-93-0 | |
| 51 | Oleic acid | 13.26 ± 0.20b | 24.26 ± 0.20a | 22.52 ± 1.69a | 11.99 ± 0.14b | – | 88.76 | C18H34O2 | 112-80-1 |
| 52 | Linolic acid | 22.27 ± 0.14a | – | 21.94 ± 0.04a | 17.18 ± 0.24b | – | 81.09 | C18H32O2 | 60-33-3 |
| 53 | myristoleic acid | – | – | 14.48 ± 4.14a | – | – | 80.32 | C18H34O2 | 544-64-9 |
| 54 | Non-anoic acid | – | – | – | 48.44 ± 2.04a | – | 80.88 | C10H18O3 | 1931-63-1 |
| 55 | p-(benzyloxy)benzoic acid | – | – | – | – | 44.1 ± 1.24a | 85.32 | C14H12O3 | 1486-51-7 |
| Others | |||||||||
| 56 | 2,3-Dimethoxytoluene | 23.432 ± 1.67d | 586.88 ± 77.32a | 435.19 ± 45.0b | 622.88 ± 5.26a | 126.11 ± 19.06c | 87.65 | C9H12O2 | 4463-33-6 |
| 57 | Oxime-, methoxy-phenyl-_ | 31.7643 ± 1.67d | 96.94 ± 1.07d | 216.94 ± 3.32b | 391.28 ± 6.47a | 136.14 ± 2.47c | 83.07 | C8H9NO2 | 1000222-86-6 |
| 58 | Benzene, 1,2-dimethoxy-4-(1-propenyl) |
96.94 ± 8.67d | 216.94 ± 19.74c | 391.28 ± 6.57a | 236.14 ± 11.62d | 283.35 ± 19.98b | 92.09 | C11H14O2 | 93-16-3 |
| 59 | Indole | 28.8383 ± 1.17c | – | 84.64 ± 6.11b | 188.54 ± 3.24a | – | 93.06 | C8H7N | 120-72-9 |
| Total | 5897.79 | 7953.47 | 10156.39 | 4961.12 | 3018.15 | ||||
| Numbers | 39 | 40 | 49 | 39 | 32 | ||||
aVolatile compoundhe fruity fragrances of lils detected were integrated with the GC-MS automatic deconvolution system and compared with the standard mass spectrum in the NIST 14 library (MS match index ≥ 80% were listed).
bEach value is the mean of triplicate biological samples taken from the same cabbage cultivar; “-,” not detected.