Data were derived from multivariable logistic regression models. The displayed covariates were selected from a larger multivariable logistic regression model that also included sex and tumor histological characteristics (additional details available in eTable 7 in the Supplement). OR indicates odds ratio.
aOdds ratio estimates were generated based on 10 imputations with this sample.
bNon-Hispanic serves as the reference for Hispanic and White as the reference for Black and other. Although they are presented together, in the National Cancer Database12 and in our models, race and ethnicity were treated as separate variables. Other races include the following categories defined by the National Cancer Database12: American Indian, Aleutian, or Eskimo; Asian Indian; Asian Indian or Pakistani, no other specification; Chamorran; Chinese; Fiji Islander; Filipino; Guamanian, no other specification; Hawaiian; Hmong; Japanese; Kampuchean (including Khmer and Cambodian); Korean; Laotian; Melanesian, no other specification; Micronesian, no other specification; New Guinean; Oriental, no other specification; other Asian, including Asian, no other specification; Pacific Islander, no other specification; Pakistani; Polynesian, no other specification; Samoan; Tahitian; Thai; Tongan; Vietnamese; and other.