Table 1.
Study and participant characteristics.
| Study characteristics | Participant characteristics | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Country | Year | Setting | Comparator | Total Sample size (n) | Diagnosis | Gender | Age | ||
| Male | Female | |||||||||
| n (%) | n (%) | Mean (SD) | ||||||||
| Baños et al. 25 | Spain | 2012 | Inpatient hospital | None | 19 | Cancer | 19 (100) | 10 (53) | 9 (47) | 60.9 (14.5) |
| Brungardt et al. 26 | USA | 2020 | Inpatient hospital | None | 23 | Cancer Heart failure end-stage renal | 14 (61), 7 (30), 2 (9) | 11 (48) | 12 (52) | 47.7 (17.1) |
| Dang et al. 27 | USA | 2020 | Ambulatory care unit | None | 12 | Cancer | 12 (100) | 5 (42) | 7 (58) | 24–65+a |
| Ferguson et al. 28 | USA | 2020 | Multiple | None | 25 | Dementia | 25 (100) | 3 (12) | 22 (88) | 85 (8.9) |
| Groninger et al. 24 | USA | 2021 | Inpatient hospital | Guided-imagery | 88 | Heart failure | 88 (100) | 44 (50) | 44 (50) | 56 (13.2) |
| Johnson et al. 32 | USA | 2020 | Hospice | None | 12 | Cancer heart failure, bronchiectasis, Pneumonia | 8 (67), 2 (17), 1 (8), 1 (8) | 4 (33) | 8 (67) | 72 (16) |
| Niki et al. 33 | Japan | 2019 | Palliative care wards | None | 20 | Cancer | 20 (100) | 14 (70) | 6 (30) | 72.3 (11.9) |
| Perna et al. 31 | UK | 2021 | Hospice inpatient | Non-personalised, VR | 20 | Cancer, other | 15 (75), 5 (25) | 6 (30) | 14 (70) | 66a |
a
Age range/Perna et al. did not report SD.