Fig. 1.

Establishment and validation of PET/CT-based tumor detection and surgical resection procedure. (A) Representative ¹⁸F-FET PET/CT and histological images from a P3 xenograft 4 weeks after tumor cell implantation. Scale = 2.5 mm. (B) Timeline depicting tumor cell implantation and subsequent procedures. (C) Tumor resection procedure; Exposure of the implantation burr hole (C1), craniotomy (C2), bone flap removal (C3), microsurgical resection (C4), and bone flap repositioning (C5). Scale = 5 mm. (D) H&E and tumor cell marker vimentin stains of resected tissue. Scale = 2.5 mm (overview) and 50 µm (inserts). (E) Histological section from a post-resection brain confirming gross total resection. Scale = 2.5 mm. (F) Representative ¹⁸F-FET PET/CT images and histological validation at recurrence, 3 weeks after resection. Scale = 2.5 mm (PET/CT) and 5 mm (histology). Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; PET, positron emission tomography.