FIGURE 3 ∣.

Phenotypic change in tooth morphology and tooth eruption in absent and excessive Wnt signaling function. (A) Normal Wnt signaling function phenotype. Green box: Osteoclast and osteoblast, Yellow circle: Odontoblast and dentin. (B) Loss of Wnt signaling in epithelial cells phenotype. Yellow box: Deletion of Wnt10a in HERS, increase Wnt4 expression in Dental papilla, Yellow asterisk: Lack of pulpal floor chamber, Blue arrowhead: Short and thin root dentin. (C) Loss of Wnt signaling in mesenchymal cells phenotype. Green box: Increased osteoclast activities and number, Yellow circle: Reduced odontoblast number and defective dentin, Blue box: Root resorption, Yellow asterisk: Enlarged pulpal chamber, Blue arrowhead: Short root with thinner root dentin, decreased cementoblasts number, and reduced cellular cementum. (D) Gain of Wnt signaling phenotype. Green box: Decreased osteoclast activities and number, Yellow circle: Premature odontoblast with hypo-mineralized dentin (increased predentin), Red arrowhead: Pulp stone, Blue asterisk: Hyper-cementosis with increased cementocyte number, Blue arrowhead: Short root with an increase in hypo-mineralized dentin, Black arrow: Delayed tooth eruption.