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. 2021 Nov 12;3(2):389–399. doi: 10.1007/s42761-021-00079-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Emotional memory. A Memory performance (d’) at test 1 and test 2 for placebo and zolpidem conditions. Subjects had greater retention at test 1 than 2 and a significant three-way interaction between drug × test × emotion. B Visual demonstration of 3-way interaction here shows the d’ differences between test 1 and test 2 for negative and neutral images. Only a significant difference in retention is present in the placebo condition. C Stage 3 relative SWA activity negatively correlated with test 1 negative d’ memory in the zolpidem condition. D Stage 3 spindle density positively correlated with test 2 neutral d’ memory in the zolpidem condition. Both correlations withstood correction, p < .0025