TABLE 3.

Causes of weight loss in rehabilitation nutrition

Common causes

Malignancy

Gastrointestinal disease

Depression

Pharmaceutical (SGLT2 inhibitors, laxatives, NSAIDs, anti‐dementia drugs, antipsychotics, antidepressants, anticholinergics, anticancer drugs, diuretics, etc.)

Dysphagia (including disorders of oral function and environment)

Inappropriate nutritional management in hospitals and institutions

Dietary preferences in hospital/facilities (including swallowing adjusted diets)

Frequent causes

Chronic heart failure

Chronic respiratory failure (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

Chronic renal failure

Diabetes (including excessive dietary restrictions)

Electrolyte abnormalities (e.g., hypercalcemia and hyponatremia)

Dementia, delirium, disorders of life rhythm

Taste and smell disorders

Eating, cooking, and shopping require assistance

Social problems (e.g., economic deprivation and isolation)

Aging

Rare causes

Chronic infectious diseases (e.g., infective endocarditis and tuberculosis)

Collagen and autoimmune diseases

Neuromuscular diseases (Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, etc.)

Adrenocortical insufficiency

Hyperthyroidism

Abbreviations: NSAID, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug; SGLT2, sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2.