TABLE 5.

Causes of anorexia in rehabilitation nutrition

Common causes

Drug‐related (pregabalin, tramadol and other opioids, laxatives, NSAIDs, anti‐dementia drugs, antipsychotics, antidepressants, anticholinergics, steroids, antihistamines, anticancer drugs, bisphosphonates, Parkinson disease medications, muscle relaxants, diuretics, etc.)

Depression (including drug‐induced)

Dysphagia (including deterioration of oral function and environment, including drug‐related)

Dementia, delirium, disorders of life rhythm (including drug‐induced)

Gastrointestinal disorders (vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, functional dyspepsia, etc., including drug‐induced)

Hospital/facility food preferences (including adjusted swallowing diets)

Often Causes

Cachexia (malignancy, chronic heart failure, chronic respiratory failure, chronic renal failure, chronic infection, collagen disease, etc.)

Taste and smell disorders

Acute inflammation (e.g., acute infection)

Diabetes mellitus

Hypothyroidism

Aging (e.g., decreased activity, changes in eating, and exercise habits)

Abbreviation: NSAID, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug.