Figure 5.

Relative abundances of bacterial taxa based on gestational age and parity. (a) Stacked bar plot depicting the mean bacterial relative abundances of samples from women whose duration of pregnancy was <41·0 gestation weeks (Term) (n=155) or >41 weeks (Late term) (n=169). The graphic is further split based on parity - no previous deliveries (nulliparous) (n=188) and one or more previous deliveries (multiparous) (n=136). (b) Violin + box + jitter plots showing the distribution of taxa (log10 relative abundance) with significantly different abundances between nulli- and multiparous in term and late term groups. The whiskers on the boxplot represent the 1·5 interquartile range and the median value is shown as a red dot. The horizontal lines on the violin plots represent the 25^th, 50^th, and 75^th quantiles. Each point on the jitter plot represents a sample, highlighting the density and frequency of occurrence of a taxon. Asterisks indicate whether there were statistically significant differences between the subgroups compared to the multiparous samples, q <0·0001, q <0·001, q <0·01, q <0·05. The following models were used in this analysis: 1) Term – glm·nb for Fannyhessea vaginae and Lactobacillus gasseri; log gls for Gardnerella vaginalis, Lactobacillus crispatus, and Lactobacillus iners 2) Late term - glm·nb for Lactobacillus gasseri; gls for Lactobacillus crispatus; log glsfor Fannyhessea vaginae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Lactobacillus iners.